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The Study of Criminal Behavior for a Situational Perspective in Ecological Psychology

生态心理学情境视角下的犯罪行为研究

基本信息

批准号：
07610103
负责人：
HOSOE Tatsuro
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
IWATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between crimes and thier situational factors, using an ecological psychological approach. This approach is trying to see the relationship between human behavior and the physic al environment within the behavior-setting (BS) framework. There are one more certain behavior patterns (standing pattern), and the people behaving components are synomorphic to the nonhuman components corresponding to them. A lack of this synomorphic produces various self-regulating processes.We observed the bicycles' parking behavior, bicycles robbery and thronging behavior in the station and the flourish town. As a result, we can point out as below :1.Stage developments of consolidation of the bicycles parking area : (1) freedom, (2) a lack of synomorphic, (3) making and executing a law, (4) an imperfect of function of (3), (5) making programs to prevent the crimes2.Characteristics of the imperfect of function of the bicycles parking are : The unregulated bicycles' parking corresponds to the low level of consolidation of environment and convenience. The correspondence between the standing pattern behavior of users and the form of the bicycles parking area is very imortant.3.The occurance of delinquent behavior of thronging teenagers in the flourish town corresponds to the change of the regulate system as the time pass into midnight. There is a continuity between delinquent and ordinal behaviors of pedestrians, and the appearance of exciting symbols make the ordinal pedestrians to do delinquent behaviors. Street corners in the flourish town induce more delinquent behaviors. Criminal behaviors become easier to be occured by pretending standing patterns. However, criminal behaviors is luck of synomorphic. BS works as an active system only if there is a good physical environment and a participation in a local prevention of crimes by the users and people related.

本研究的目的是从生态心理学的角度来探讨犯罪与其情境因素之间的关系。这种方法试图在行为设置（BS）框架内看到人类行为和商业环境之间的关系。还有一种特定的行为模式（站立模式），人的行为成分与对应的非人成分是同构的。我们观察了自行车在车站和繁华城镇的停放行为、抢劫行为和拥挤行为。通过分析，可以得出以下结论：1.自行车停车场整合的阶段性发展：（1）自由化，（2）同构性缺失，（3）立法与执法，（4）功能不完善，（5）预防犯罪的程序化。自行车乱停乱放对应的是环境和便利的统一程度较低。使用者的站立模式行为与自行车停车场的形式之间的对应关系非常重要。3.繁华城镇中拥挤的青少年违法行为的发生与随着时间的推移进入午夜的管制制度的变化相对应。行人的违法行为与正常行为之间存在着连续性，刺激性符号的出现会促使正常行人做出违法行为。繁华城镇的街角诱发了更多的违法行为。假装站立的姿势更容易导致犯罪行为的发生。然而，犯罪行为是同生的侥幸。只有在有良好的物质环境和用户和相关人员参与当地预防犯罪的情况下，BS才能作为一个积极的系统发挥作用。