The effect of individual differences of working memory on the lexical access : Topographical analysis of ERP

工作记忆个体差异对词汇访问的影响：ERP的拓扑分析

• 批准号: 07610078
• 负责人: OSAKA Mariko
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Osaka university of foreign studies
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07610078/
• 关键词: working memory; Event related potential; lexical access; topography; reading span test; リーディングスペンテスト; プライミング

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect individual differences of working memory on the lexical access. Event related potential (ERP) and reaction time (RT) were recorded to investigate the brain mechanism of lexical access processes.Individual differences of working memory were measered with use of reading span test (RST). Subjectw were divided into two groups ; high score of RST (high span group) and low score of RST (low span group).Piming effect of words was measured and the individual difference of priming effect was compared between the group. Two kinds of pairs of words were used ; the semantically related pair and unrelated pair.The RT decresed with related pair and RT increased with unrelated pair, which showed the acceleration and inhibition of lexical access of word each.The ERP showed two typical components of P300 and N400. P300 increase in it's amplitude in the related condition. N400, however, increased in it's amplitude in the un-related condition. Moreover, topographyical mapping showed that there were mapping differences between the high span group and low span group. For high span subjects, the N400 and P300 localized in the frontal areas in the unrelated condition.

本研究旨在探讨工作记忆的个体差异对词汇获取的影响。通过记录事件相关电位（ERP）和反应时间（RT）来研究词汇获取过程的脑机制。采用阅读广度测验（RST）测量工作记忆的个体差异。受试者分为两组；RST得分高（高跨距组）和低（低跨距组）。测量单词的启动效应，比较组间启动效应的个体差异。使用了两类词对；语义相关的对和不相关的对。RT随相关对的降低而降低，随不相关对的增加而增加，显示了词汇获取的加速和抑制。ERP显示P300和N400两种典型成分。在相关条件下，P300的振幅增加。而在非相关条件下，N400的振幅增加。此外，地形填图结果显示，高跨度组与低跨度组之间存在填图差异。在不相关条件下，高跨距受试者的N400和P300定位于额叶区。

项目成果

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大阪真理子：“语言和工作记忆”研究（计划）（1996）。

苧阪満里子他: "脳磁場計測によるワーキングメモリの脳内機構に関する研究" 日本心理学会第59回大会論文集. 782 (1995)

Mariko Osaka等人：“利用脑磁场测量研究工作记忆的脑机制”日本心理学会第59届年会论文集782（1995）。

苧阪満里子: "ワーキングメモリ容量の個人差と語彙アクセス" 日本語生理心理学会第15回大会予稿集. (印刷中).

Mariko Osaka：“工作记忆能力和词汇访问的个体差异”日本生理心理学会第 15 届会议论文集（正在出版）。

苧阪満里子: "言語とワーキングメモリ" 失語症研究. (予定). (1996)

大阪真理子：“语言和工作记忆”失语症研究（计划）（1996）。

Osaka,M.et al: "Peak alpha frequency of MEG. Changes during the performance of verbal working memory tasks" Electro encephalography e clinical Neuro physiology. 97. S123 (1995)

Osaka,M.等人：“MEG 的峰值 α 频率。言语工作记忆任务执行过程中的变化”脑电图和临床神经生理学。