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A Theoretical Study of Macroeconomic Growth and Fluctuations under Competition

竞争下宏观经济增长与波动的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
07630015
负责人：
ADACHI Hideyuki
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
KOBE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to develop the theory of growth and fluctuations of macroeconomy under imperfect competition. The research that I conducted in 1995 and 1996 is divided into two fields. The first one is to construct a medium-term macro dynamic model with imperfect competition that explains the determinations of real wages and employment. Recently, many types of macroeconomic models with imperfect competition were developed by new Keynesian economists. But, most of them are short-run static models in that they do not consider the accumulation of capital and technological changes. In my research, I constructed a macro dynamic model with imperfect competitions both in the commodity market and the labor market, and analyzed the determinations of real wages and employmant, taking into account the accumulation of capital and technological changes. The second of my research is concerned with the endogenous growth model with R&D.P.Romer developed a model of economic growth in which technological progress is determined endogebously by R&D activities. The most interesting character of this model is that the equilibrium growth diverges from the optimal growth due to the imperfect competition in the capital goods sector and the externality in the R&D sector. In my research, I extended Romer's model in the following two respects. First, I analyzed the transitional process of the model, which nobody has done so far. Second, I changed the production function in R&D sector into more realistic form. Then, I found that the "scale effect", which made Romer's model unrealistic, did not appear in our model.

本研究的目的在于发展不完全竞争下的宏观经济增长与波动理论。我在1995年和1996年进行的研究分为两个领域。一是构建一个不完全竞争的中期宏观动态模型，解释实际工资和就业的决定。最近，新凯恩斯主义经济学家提出了许多不完全竞争的宏观经济模型。但是，它们大多是短期静态模型，因为它们没有考虑资本积累和技术变化。在研究中，我构建了一个商品市场和劳动力市场都存在不完全竞争的宏观动态模型，并在考虑资本积累和技术变化的情况下，分析了实际工资和就业人数的决定。我的第二个研究是关于R&D的内生增长模型。罗默发展了一个经济增长模型，其中技术进步由R&D活动内生决定。该模型最有趣的特点是，由于资本品部门的不完全竞争和R&D部门的外部性，均衡增长偏离了最优增长。在我的研究中，我在以下两个方面对罗默的模型进行了扩展。首先，我分析了模式的过渡过程，到目前为止还没有人这样做。第二，将研发部门的生产函数转换为更现实的形式。然后，我发现使罗默的模型不切实际的“规模效应”并没有出现在我们的模型中。