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Analysis of interaction between Aristolochia debilis with vigorous chemical defenses and phytophagous insects

化学防御能力强的马兜铃与植食性昆虫的相互作用分析

基本信息

批准号：
07640848
负责人：
SUZUKI Nobuhiko
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
KOBE UNIVERSITY (1996-1997)University of Nagasaki (1995)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07640848/
关键词：
Aristolochia debilis Atrophaneura alcinous interaction population dynamics herbivory conpensatory reaction

项目摘要

1. Seasonal changes and population dynamics of the papilionid butterfly, Atrophaneura alcinous and its host plant, Aristolochia debilis were investigated in a natural population. By analysing the data for the population dynamics of twelve generations of the butterly during 3 yeras, the following two results were obtained. First, when the amount of food resources (biomass of the host plant) increased extremely in any generation, the response of population density of the butterfly to the resource abundance was delayd and the population density increased in the next generation. Secondly, except the extreme increase of food resources as mentined above, there was a positive colleration between the amount of food resources and the laraval survival rates of A.alcinous. Then, we conclude that the local population of A.alcinous was regulated by the food resource abundance (bottom up). This trend may be a characteristic interactions between the host plant with vigorous chemical defense and the p … More hytophagous insect that specialized to the host plant.2. In order to evaluate the effects of herbivory and conpensatory reactions to herbivory on the productivity ofA.debilis, a series of clipping experiments in a natural population of A.debilis were conducted. We found that A.debilis had a highly conpensatory ability to herbivory. The plants which were clipped experimentally had abundant fresh leaves after clipping, by a recovery of above ground parts as conpensatory reactions. In general, the photosynthetic rate of an aged leaf is lowered than that of the fresh leaf. Therefore, it may be supported that the productivity of the plants which suffered herbivory increased by replacing from aged to newly fresh leaves on aerial parts of the plant.3. Analysing a value of leaf as a food resource for young larvae of A.alcinous by experiments of rearing on fresh and aged leaves, we found that young leaves was highly valuable for young larvae than aged ones. Therefore, considering the values of leaf for both A.debilis and A.alcinous, it may also support that the conpensatory reactions of A.debilis may play an important role in a maintenance of the system interacting between the A.debilis and A.alcinous4. In order to evaluate of a value of leaf in aspects of nutrition and chemical substance such as aristolochic acid, chemical analysis for leaves of A.debilis with reference to herbivory and seasonality is now carrying out. Furthermore, girdling behavior (the stem near the ground was girdled and the parts of phloem were removed by the larvae) by the larvae of A.alcinous was found and the significance of this behavior is now analysing by a chemical technique. Less

1.在自然种群中研究了白腹凤蝶及其寄主植物马兜铃的季节变化和种群动态。通过对蝶形瓢虫12个世代3年的种群动态资料的分析，得出以下两个结果。第一，当食物资源量（寄主植物生物量）在任一世代急剧增加时，种群密度对资源丰富度的响应延迟，下一代种群密度增加。第二，除上述食物资源的极度增加外，食物资源量与Alcinous幼虫存活率呈正相关。因此，本研究得出的结论是，该地区的石灰岩海鞘种群数量受食物资源丰富度的调节（自下而上）。这一趋势可能是化学防御能力强的寄主植物与寄主植物之间相互作用的特征 ...更多信息专化寄主植物的植食性昆虫。为了研究草食性和对草食性的补偿反应对草食性草地贪夜蛾生产力的影响，在草地贪夜蛾自然种群中进行了一系列剪草试验。结果表明，该虫对草食性有很强的补偿能力。实验剪下的植株在剪下后具有丰富的新鲜叶片，通过地上部分的恢复作为补偿反应。一般来说，老化叶片的光合速率低于新鲜叶片。因此，可以支持通过将植物地上部分的老叶更换为新鲜叶来提高植物生产力的观点.通过鲜叶和老叶饲养实验，分析了叶片作为白腹小蜂幼虫食物资源的价值，发现幼叶比老叶对白腹小蜂幼虫的食物资源价值更高。因此，考虑到A.debilis和A.alcinous的叶值，这也可能支持A.debilis的补偿反应可能在A.debilis和A.alcinous之间相互作用的系统的维持中发挥重要作用4。为了评价马兜铃叶的营养价值和马兜铃酸等化学物质的含量，目前正在对马兜铃叶进行草食性和季节性的化学分析。此外，还发现了石灰岩拟谷盗幼虫的环剥行为（幼虫环剥靠近地面的茎，并切除韧皮部部分），并利用化学技术分析了这种行为的意义。少