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Diversity and adaptive strategy of submarine cave faunas

海底洞穴动物群多样性及适应策略

基本信息

批准号：
07640937
负责人：
HAYAMI Itaru
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Kanagawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07640937/
关键词：
Submarine cave Diversity Mollusca Adaptive strategy Paedomorphosis Low food level 矮小化二枚貝類フイリピン海

项目摘要

This study aims to clarify the diversity and adaptive strategy of cryptic faunas (especially cavernicolus molluscs) in a wide area of the tropical western Pacific from Japan to Micronesia and Polynesia. Research of several domestic caves and indoor studies of domestic and foreign samples (living organisms and substrates obtained from numerous caves) have been carried out with this Grant-in-Aid.As the result of our observation and identification of minute molluscs, species composition of bivalves in each cave and their geographic distribution were elucidated. More than 100 cavernicolous bivalves were identified. Remarkable and unique features of these bivalves are the minute size, paedomorphosis, K-selection, similarity to deep-sea species, large egg size, low fecundity, dominance of brooding species, and ecological primitiveness.These features are certainly related to one another and could have resulted from a common adaptive strategy to cavernicolous environments. Low food levels must be the most important controlling factors. Though many problems (especially the process of speciation and migration) remain unsolved, the characteristics of cave bivalves generally suggest the type of adaptive strategy that could be advantageous, when extreme oligotrophic conditions prevail in the world.

本研究旨在阐明热带西太平洋从日本到密克罗尼西亚和波利尼西亚的广大地区的隐蔽动物群（特别是海绵体软体动物）的多样性和适应策略。利用该项目对国内几个洞穴进行了研究，并对国内外样品（从许多洞穴中获得的活生物和基质）进行了室内研究，通过对微小软体动物的观察和鉴定，阐明了每个洞穴中双壳类的种类组成及其地理分布。超过100个洞穴双壳类被确定。这些双壳类的显著和独特的特征是微小的尺寸、幼态、K-选择、与深海物种的相似性、大的卵大小、低的繁殖力、育雏物种的优势和生态上的不稳定性。这些特征肯定彼此相关，并且可能是对洞穴环境的共同适应策略的结果。食物水平低必须是最重要的控制因素。虽然许多问题（特别是物种形成和迁移的过程）仍然没有解决，洞穴双壳类的特征通常表明，当极端贫营养条件在世界上盛行时，适应策略的类型可能是有利的。