权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON GROWTH AND NUTIRTIONAL DYNAMICS OF CROPS AND PLANTS GROWN IN PADDY FIELDS AND NATURAL SUBMERGED COMMUNITY.

稻田和自然淹没群落作物和植物生长和营养动态的生态学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
07660024
负责人：
KATANO Manabu
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
KYUSHU TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Rice seedlings were transplanted in the 1/5000a Wagner's pots with only top soils sampled from natural submerged community of rivers and ponds and paddy fields under Nature, Organic and conventional farming system. There was significant positive correlation between rice straw weight in the pots and the biomass of natural plants and rice plants at harvesting. Significant highly positive correlation could be seen in case of no-tillage paddy fields and natural submerged community. Pot experiment seems to be effective on judging soil productivity.Soil profile in ponds for irrigation had more than 30cm softened top soil with fine soil particle and was quite different from soil profile in the riverside where softened top soil having 5cm.Nitrogen mineralization from the top soils of natural submerged community was quite more than those in paddy fields under Nature Farming. Soil C/N ratio of natural submerged community was from 10 to 13 and were less than about 20 in compost.Regeneration of 3-5cm softened top soil in the paddy field like natural submerged community brought no weed and better rice harvest. Tillage and puddling of around 3cm of paddy fields under dry condition in winter stimulated the formation of 3-5cm softened top soil.Root system formation of reed, bulrush, mat rush and rice plants grown under submerged condition were also observed. Present status and future prospects of sustainable agriculture in Japan was reviewed historically.

在1/5000 a的瓦格纳盆中移栽水稻幼苗，仅从自然、有机和常规耕作制度下的河流、池塘和稻田的自然淹没群落中取样表层土壤。盆内稻草量与收获时自然植株和水稻植株的生物量呈显著正相关。免耕稻田与自然沉水植物群落的相关性呈显著的高度正相关。盆栽试验结果表明，灌溉池塘土壤剖面表层土壤软化厚度大于30 cm，土壤颗粒细小，与滨江土壤剖面表层土壤软化厚度大于5cm有明显差异;自然沉水群落表层土壤氮素矿化量明显高于自然耕作稻田。自然沉水植物群落的土壤C/N值在10 ~ 13之间，堆肥处理的土壤C/N值小于20左右，稻田表层土壤软化3-5cm，恢复自然沉水植物群落的土壤C/N值，不产生杂草，水稻产量较高。在冬季干旱条件下，耕作和翻挖约3cm的水田，可促进3-5cm表层土壤的软化，并观察到芦苇、芦苇、席草和水稻在淹水条件下根系的形成。回顾了日本可持续农业的现状和前景。