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Growth stimulatory substances and the axnic culture of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

生长刺激物质及囊泡丛枝菌根真菌的轴生培养

基本信息

批准号：
07660040
负责人：
ISHII Takaaki
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

By using the 25% MeOH eluates of Bahia grass roots, we first succeeded in the axnic culture of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus, Gigaspora ramisporophora (Ishii et al., 1995). This success of the culture will make a great contribution to not only extending the possibility of agricultural and industrial utilization of VAM fungi, but also developing the studies about the physiological and ecological properties of the fungi. In this study, we examined the isolation and identification of VAM-stimulatory substances from Bahia grass roots and the improvement of our axnic culture methods of VAM fungi. In addition, we investigated seasonal changes in VAM infection rate of Bahia grass roots. The results obtained are shown as follows :1) Three kinds of the growth stimulatory substances for VAM fungi were isolated from the 25% MeOH eluates of Bahia grass roots. One of them was identified as eupalitin (3.5-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxy flavone). At 10 ppm, this compound significantly stimulated the in vitro hyphal growth of G.ramisporophora. The others were not indentified in this study.2) We developed an efficient medium for the culture of VAM fungi. When effects of some chemicals on hyphal growth of VAM fungi were examined in this medium, the growth was stimulated by alginate oligosaccharides, polyamines, eupalitin, and unpublished substances. In particular, the unpublished substances were quite effective on the germination of VAM spores.3) The percentage of VAM infection in Bahia grass roots was 50 and above for the period from mid june to early September. Particularly, the highest percentage was observed in early and mid August.

利用巴伊亚草根的25%甲醇洗脱液，我们首次成功地培养出一种泡状丛枝菌根真菌Gigaspora ramisporophora(Ishii et al.，1995)。该培养方法的成功不仅将为VAM真菌的农业和工业利用提供更广阔的前景，也将为进一步研究VAM真菌的生理生态特性做出贡献。在本研究中，我们对巴伊亚草根中VAM刺激物质的分离和鉴定以及VAM真菌轴向培养方法的改进进行了研究。此外，我们还调查了巴伊亚草根VAM侵染率的季节变化。研究结果如下：1)从巴伊亚草根25%甲醇洗脱液中分离得到3种VAM真菌生长促进物质。其中一个为真胡萝卜素(3.5-二羟基-6，7-二甲氧基-4‘-羟基黄酮)。当浓度为10ppm时，该化合物能显著促进丛枝孢子菌的菌丝生长。2)我们开发了一种高效的VAM真菌培养基料。当某些化学物质对VAM真菌菌丝生长的影响时，藻酸低聚糖、多胺、优帕利汀和未发表的物质都能促进菌丝生长。3)6月中旬至9月上旬，巴伊亚草根VAM侵染率在50%以上。特别是，8月初和8月中旬的百分比最高。