Cognitive empirical study of metaphors associated with Verbs of Motion

与运动动词相关的隐喻的认知实证研究

• 批准号: 07801069
• 负责人: OKAMOTO Junji
• 金额: $ 0.13万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07801069/
• 关键词: Verbs of Motion; German; Conceptual Structure; Cognitive Semantics; Metaphors; 結果構文; 主題関係; アスペクト

This investigation is mainly concerned with Conceptual Structure of Verbs of Motion (VMs) in German.The aim is1) to clarify basic characteristics of Lexical Conceptual Structures (LCSs) of VMs based on empirical data in German, and2) to demonstrate that VMs offer rich metaphors in constituting other kinds of LCSs.I have investigated 185 verbs in German with special reference to thematic structures, aspectual correlations and patterns of various syntactic alternations. In contrast with English, the German language shows systematic perfect-tense auxiliary alternation (from haben to sein) with attachment of directional phrases. "Manner of Motion" Verbs and Sound Emission Verbs are typically sensitive to this alternation, although some "Manner of Motion" verbs (e.g.laufen, rennen) take only sein-auxiliary and should rather be interpreted as Inherently Directed Motion Verbs. Among the data I have investigated are 19 Sound Emission Verbs, 17 of which show this alternation. Since VMs can be r … More egarded as one of the basic human cognitive scales, they can be transfered into other cognitive fields, such as Causation and Change of States. It is recently well-known that "Manner of Motion Verbs" in English show Induced Causative Alternation when accompanied with directional phrases. Their German conterparts, however, have no causative pattern of this sort. Only "Motion Verbs of Vehicle" behave in a similar way, but they are quite different in conceptual event structures. As one instance of "Change of State" LCSs, some verbs can be used as a resultative construction. Intransitive VMs take fake objects in completing a small clause, changing perfect-tense auxiliary into haben. This is probably because of the existence of a grammatical object that the sentence get transitivized.The result of this investigation is to a large extent compatible with the prediction made by T.Kageyama and Unaccusative Hypothesis proposed originally by D.Permutter and developed by L.Burzio and others, provided that auxiliary selection as one of the unaccusative diagnostics is not valid for German. Further research should be done for explaning particular property of reflective VMs and great variety of directional prefixes. Less

本文主要研究德语运动动词的概念结构，目的是：1）根据德语的经验数据，阐明运动动词词汇概念结构的基本特征; 2）证明运动动词在构成其他类型的词汇概念结构方面提供了丰富的隐喻。体的相关性和各种句法变化的模式。与英语相比，德语表现出系统的完成时态辅助语交替（从haben到sein），并附有趋向短语。“运动方式”动词和发音动词通常对这种交替很敏感，尽管有些“运动方式”动词（如劳芬、rennen）只带自身助动词，应该被解释为内在指向运动动词。在我调查的19个语音发射动词中，有17个表现出这种交替。由于虚拟机可以在 ...更多信息 作为人类认知的基本尺度之一，它们可以移植到其他认知领域，如因果关系和状态变化。英语中的“运动动词方式”在与趋向短语搭配时表现出诱导致使交替现象，这是近年来的一个研究热点。然而，它们的德语对应物却没有这种使役模式。只有“运动动词的车辆”的行为类似，但它们在概念事件结构中有很大的不同。作为“状态变化”LCS的一个例子，一些动词可以用作结果结构。不及物动词在完成小句时使用假宾语，将完成时态助动词变为haben。本文的研究结果在很大程度上与T.Kageyama的预测和由D.Permutter提出并由L.Burzio等人发展的不确定性假设相一致，前提是作为不确定性诊断之一的助动词选择对德语不成立。对于反射虚拟机的特殊性质和方向前缀的多样性还需要进一步的研究。少

项目成果

Okamoto, J.: "Causatives from the Viewpoint of Event Structures : On the extent of causative meanings. (in Japanese)" Contrastive Linguistic Studies on Voice. Sanshu-sha. 199-257 (1997)

冈本 J.：“从事件结构的角度看致使：论致使意义的范围。（日语）”语音对比语言学研究。

Okamoto, J.: "Some properties of Manner of Motion Verbs in in German : What their resultative construction implies. (in Jpanese)" Grammar and Linguistic Theories. Vol.1. 65-74 (1996)

Okamoto, J.：“德语中运动动词方式的一些属性：它们的结果结构意味着什么。（日语）”语法和语言理论。

岡本 順治: "「移動動詞における随伴使役構文:英語とドイツ語の対比」" 原口庄輔・鈴木英一編『文法と言語理論2』. (印刷中).

Junji Okamoto：“‘移动动词中的附加使役结构：英语和德语之间的比较’”Shosuke Haraguchi 和 Eiichi Suzuki（编辑），语法和语言理论 2。（出版中）。

岡本 順治: "「移動動詞における随伴使役構文:英語とドイツ語の対比」" 原口庄輔・鈴木英一編『文法と言語理論2』. 29-37 (1997)

Junji Okamoto：“‘移动动词中的附加使役结构：英语和德语之间的比较’” Shosuke Haraguchi 和 Eiichi Suzuki (eds.)，语法和语言理论 2. 29-37 (1997)

岡本 順治: "「ドイツ語における移動動詞の認知意味論考察」" 文部省科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書『移動動詞の作り出すメタファーの認知的・実証的研究』. 4-32 (1997)

冈本淳二：“‘德语移动动词的认知语义研究’”日本文部科学省科学研究补助金研究成果报告《隐喻的认知和实证研究》移动动词”4-32 (1997)。