Induction of heat shock protein and gamma/delta T cells in peritoneal exudate cells of mice infected with periodontopathic bacteria

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The purpose of this study was to examine the local reaction of host against periodontopathic bacteria in induction of heat shock protein (HSP), gamma/delta T cells, cytokine and macrophage activation. We used as periodontal pathogens, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). They were injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 1/10 MLD ant the host reaction was observed according to the the time course of 0,1,3,5,7 and 14 days. For immunization, mice were injected with 1/10 MLD of live bacteria 3 times in every week, intraperitoneally intraperitoneally and subcutaneously. They were used as immunized mouse, 10 days after last injection. The results were as follows :1. Increase of HSP 70 and 60 were found in the extract of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from mice which received the Fn injection. An Increase of 1.6 times in 60 HSP,2.6 times in 70HSP was observed in the case of Fn injection.2. Increase of gamma/deltaT cells in percentage after injection of Fn was observed showing the peak of 27% on 7 day. Induction of gamma/deltaT cells was not occurred by the injection of Aa or Pg showing several parcent of gamma/deltaT cells.3. The cytokine level was measured after injection of the bacteria using the mouse cytokine ELISA kit (ENDOGEN). Inflamatory cytokines in the abdomen reached the peak at 12 h after injection of Aa, Pg and Fn, and decreased immediately. IFN-gamma and IL-12 levels in the abdomen were high in the abdominal cavity. IL-4 in serum was increased and showed a high level on Day 7 by injection of Aa. The local level of IK-4 was not elevated in any bacteria.4. Activation of macrophages was induced by Fn immunization. In conclusion, Aa and Pg induced inflamatory dytokine, alpha/betaT cells, IL-4 and IgG antibody production, whereas Fn may result in the sequential appearance of HSP,gamma/delta Tcell and macrophage activation after immunization.