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Rainmaking in Seashore Desert

海滨沙漠人工降雨

基本信息

批准号：
07808064
负责人：
YANAGISHITA Kazuo
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Kanazawa Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this research is to make rain in a desert near sea. There is no cloud in desert area, therefore, seeding by dry ice or silver iodine is not possible. Our idea is to make cloud by accelerating evaporation of sea water, by putting black material on the surface of the sea. It absorbes solar energy 100% on the sea surface, without reflecting it back to the space nor penetrating into deep the sea. The sea surface becomes very hot and evaporation is increased. The evaporated moisture must be moved onto the desert, otherwise, it falls down into the sea at night. Putting black material on desert surface, solar energy absoption is increased compared with no black material exists. It absorbes solar energy 100% and the desert surface becomes hotter than without the black material. Then air on the surface becomes hot and expands and becomes lighter and goes up and the area becomes of low pressure. The moisture on the sea surface is of high pressure and moves to low pressure area on the desert, and moves upward, being pulled by the upward air stream. In the high sky, the noisture is cooled by adiabatic expansion and make cloud and rain. Several materials were tested outdoors and in the dark room experiments, and 28-41% increase of evapopration was observed. Soler reflection by several kinds of desert sand were measured to be 30-70%, with means absorption by 1.5-3times is expected, although higher absoption does not gurantee rain fall. The longest distance between black area on the sea and the black area on the desert was not defined yet at this stage of the research.

这项研究的目的是在靠近大海的沙漠中制造雨水。沙漠地区无云，因此不能用干冰或碘化银播种。我们的想法是通过加速海水的蒸发，把黑色的物质放在海面上，来制造云。它100%吸收海面上的太阳能，不反射回太空，也不渗透到深海。海面变得非常热，蒸发量增加。蒸发的水分必须转移到沙漠上，否则，它会在晚上落入大海。在沙漠表面放置黑色物质，与不存在黑色物质相比，太阳能吸收量增加。它100%地吸收太阳能，沙漠表面比没有黑色物质时更热。然后表面的空气变热，膨胀，变轻，上升，区域变成低压。海面上的水汽是高压的，在沙漠上的低气压区移动，在向上气流的牵引下向上移动。在高空中，热气被绝热膨胀冷却，形成云和雨。对几种材料进行了室外和暗室试验，蒸发量增加了28-41%。几种沙漠沙的太阳反射测量值为30-70%，平均吸收量预计为1.5-3倍，尽管更高的吸收量并不能保证降雨。在这个研究阶段，海边的黑色区域和沙漠上的黑色区域之间的最长距离还没有确定。