Behavioral and electorophysiological studies of the relationships between mastication and food taste.

众所周知，大鼠对口服味觉溶液的反应表现出摄取和/或厌恶行为(Grill和Norgren，1978)。然而，味觉对觅食行为的影响还没有得到很好的分析。在这项研究中，缺乏食物的Wistar雄性大鼠测试了将食物粉末与蒸馏水、1M蔗糖、0.02M糖精钠、0.2M氯化钠、20 mM盐酸和1 mM或5 mM奎宁-盐酸盐混合制成的食物。这项行为研究表明，与含有其他口味的食物相比，大鼠食用含有5 mM奎宁-盐酸盐的食物的量更少，时间更长。大鼠在进食含奎宁的食物时，经常出现张口吐痰的厌恶行为。在肌电研究中，记录了颞肌、咬肌和二腹肌的活动。与其他食品相比，掺入奎宁的食品的突发性放电幅度较小。食用掺有奎宁的食物的咀嚼周期比其他食物快。最近的研究得出结论，当老鼠吃了奎宁味道的食物时，它们的进食行为发生了变化，咀嚼肌电活动也发生了变化。

It is known that rats show the ingestive and/or aversive behaviors in response to intraorally administered taste solutions (Grill and Norgren, 1978). However, the effects of tastes on feeding behaviors are not well analyzed yet. In this study, food-deprived Wistar male rats test foods made up by mixing powdered chow with one of the liquids such as distillled water, 1M sucrose, 0.02M saccharin-Na, 0.2M NaCl, 20mM HCl, and 1mM or 5mM quinine-HCl. The behavioral study revealed that rats ate a smaller amount of food containing 5mM quinine-HCl with longer time than foods containing other tastes. Gaping, one of the aversive behaviors, was frequently observed when the rats ate food contaning quinine. In the EMG study, the activities of temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles were recorded. The magnitudes of burst discharges were smaller for quinine-adulterated food than for other foods. The masticatory cycle during eating quinine-adulterated food was faster than that for other foods. The resent study concludes that rats show altered eating behaviors, and masticatory EMG activities exclusively when they eat food with quinine taste.