A Study on the Changing Process of Family Function by Care of the Aged People

本研究旨在探讨家庭功能在照顾老人过程中的变化与发展过程。对于家庭功能的变化，本研究重点研究了家庭的关怀功能。根据Leininger提出的关怀成分，编制了护理功能评定量表，即3个因素，由28个项目组成；因素1：16个项目；情感和行为支持因素2：疏远6个项目；因素3：接受6个项目，并检验其信度和适宜性。用这些量表对老年人家庭1)健康时、2)入院时、3)住院期间、4)出院后的变化过程进行了研究。在此基础上，研究了影响家庭照顾功能发挥的因素及支持系统。在家庭护理功能中，因子1根据…的需要程度而变化很大更多的关怀。但即使在住院期间，双行为支持明显下降，但由于情感支持的补偿，双行为支持仍保持在一定水平。住院期间因子2较仰慕前显著下降，疏远或其他负性项目的参与度因离开护理暂时性而减少。结果：1.因子3在健康状态时、住院期间和住院后变化不大，是一个相对稳定的量表。采用多元回归模型对关爱指数的相关因素进行分析，得出以下结论：对于因子1，在住院期间对患者进行一定距离的护理或强烈呼吁探视的系统是有效的。关于因素2，护理支持或有效利用医院护理是有用的，因为护理造成的压力影响最大。对因子1和因子2的支持，不包括与老年人有关的因子3，在改善家庭照顾功能方面表现出良好的结果。较少

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the process of changing and developping of the family function as a result of care of aged people. For the changes in famiry function, the caring function was focused in this study. The scales to evaluate caring function were developed based on the care components proposed by Leininger, i.e, 3 factors, consisting of 28 items ; Factor 1 : 16 items for emotional adn behavial suporting Factor 2 : 6 items for estranging , Factor 3 : 6 items for accepting, and their reliability and appropriateness were examined. Using these scales, families of aged people 1) at the time of healty condition, 2) at the time of admissin to hospital, 3) during hospitalization, and 4) after leaving hospital were studied and their changing process was clarified. Furthermore, factors effective on developping the family caring functions and the supporting system were studied.1. Among family caring functions, the Factor 1 is largely variable according to the degree of necce … More ssity of the care. But even during the hospitalization when bihavioral support markedly decreased, it was kept at a certain level because of compensation by emotional support. The Factor 2 declined remarkably during the hospitalization compared with before admision, and participation of estranging or other negative items were decreased because of leaving from the care temporarity. The Factor 3 indicated little variation at the time of healty condition or during and after hospitalization, saggesting that it is a relatively stable scales.2. Factors related to the caring indices were analyzed using a multiple regression model, and concluded as follow as : Regarding the Factor 1, a system making care with some distance or a strong appeal for visiting the patients during the hospitalization were found to be effective. With regard to the Factor 2, care supporting or effective utilization of hospital care were useful, because the stress due to care is most influential. The support to the Factor 1 and 2, excluding the Factor3 in which the relation to aged people has been commonly observed, showed a good rezult in improving family caring function. Less