EMG analysis of the shoulder muscles for creating stimulation data for FES and clinical trial to reconstruct the shoulder function.

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We have been studying to restore motor function using the functional electrical stimulation (FES) which consist of percutaneous intramuscular wire electrodes and portable multichannel stimulator. The reconstruction of the shoulder motion is one of the difficult issue for the FES.The first stage of the purpose of this study was to clarify the muscle activity during the shoulder movement in the healthy subjects. The second stage was to control the shoulder movement in a hemiplegic patient by means of FES using the stimulation data which is created from the result of EMG analysis.We have investigated 24 muscles simultaneously using wire electrodes and 12 muscles out of them showed higher activities. The activity patterns of these muscles could be divided into three groups, group 1,2 and 3 were active in the early stage, throughout the whole stage and in the latter half, respectively. Furthermore, group 2 was divided into 2 types with difference of the increasing pattern. We have also studied activity changes of the shoulder muscles in various loads and motion speed. The typical EMG pattern of the shoulder muscles showed no change at the narrow range with light load and slow angle velocity. Simultaneously, for the qualitative EMG analysis, optimum recording way to analyze power frequency during dynamic contraction was studied.A hemiplegic patient has been applied FES to control shoulder motion using the stimulation data which is created from the result of EMG analysis. The shoulder flexion motion was reconstructed within 90 degrees of flexion. Further investigation that to make FES more practical method to restore shouledr function is required. In addition, we have applied electrical stimulation to improve subluxation of the shoulder joint in hemiplegic patients and got several outcome.