Towards a neurobiology of "oromanual" motor control: behavioral analysis and neural mechanisms

走向“手动”运动控制的神经生物学：行为分析和神经机制

• 批准号: 10819032
• 负责人: Gordon M Shepherd
• 金额: $ 44万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10819032
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Bite; Brain; Communication; Data Analyses; Deglutition; Disease; Electromyography; Electrophysiology (science); Face; Food Handling; Forelimb; Foundations; Future; Goals; Grain; Hand; Head; Head and Neck Muscle; Health; Human; Investigation; Jaw; Knowledge; Left; Machine Learning; Mammals; Manuals; Maps; Mastication; Mediating; Methods; Mission; Modernization; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Neurons; Movement; Mus; Muscle; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neurosciences; Optics; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Primates; Public Health; Research; Rodent; Role; Sampling; Series; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Solid; Speed; Structure; System; Trigeminal Nuclei; United States National Institutes of Health; analytical method; arm; arm movement; cell type; disability; extracellular; feeding; food consumption; frontal lobe; grasp; improved; in vivo; jaw movement; kinematics; motor control; neural; neuromechanism; novel; optogenetics; programs; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this proposal is to develop new methods to study the neurobiology of “oromanual” motor control – goal-directed, coordinated movements of jaw- and hand-related structures, as exemplified by food-handling behavior, a natural and ethologically essential activity. Movements of the hands and jaw have traditionally been studied entirely separately – e.g. actions such as reach-to-grasp and mastication, respectively. Yet many mammals, especially primates and rodents, use coordinated hand-and-jaw movements for natural behaviors, particularly food handling. Neither the precise kinematics of coordinated hand-jaw movements nor the underlying neural mechanisms are well understood. Here we propose a research program that will begin to address this gap in knowledge through a series of exploratory activities. During oromanual food-handling, electromyography methods will be used to concurrently record masseter and forelimb activity, together with machine learning- assisted tracking of movements captured by kilohertz video. Both head-fixed and freely moving paradigms will be developed, to enable implementation of electrophysiological and optical recordings of neural activity across motor/frontal cortical areas during food-handling. Cortical activity will be analyzed in relation to distinct behavioral modes and sub-movements, and inform how active units contribute as a population to the overall cortical activity pattern and hand-jaw interactions. Circuit-mapping paradigms will be developed to dissect the circuits mediating communication along masseter- and/or forelimb-related corticobulbar pathways impinging on masseter motor neurons in the motor trigeminal nucleus. The overall outcome will be a novel suite of tools, experimental paradigms, and conceptual framework to enable future in-depth investigation of oromanual motor control.

项目摘要 该提案的目的是开发新方法来研究“狂热”运动控制的神经生物学 - 食物处理的例证，颚和手工相关的结构的目标定向，协调的运动 行为，自然和伦理上的重要活动。传统上，手和下巴的动作是 完全分开研究 - 例如诸如触及式和咀嚼之类的动作。但是很多 哺乳动物，尤其是素数和啮齿动物，使用协调的手工运动来进行自然行为， 特别是食物处理。既不是协调的手提动作的精确运动学，也不是基础 神经机制已被充分理解。在这里，我们提出了一项研究计划，该计划将开始解决这个问题 通过一系列探索活动的知识差距。在食物处理期间，肌电图 方法将与机器学习一起使用，并将 辅助跟踪Kilohertz视频捕获的动作。头部固定和自由移动范例将 可以开发，以实施整个神经活动的电生理和光学记录 食物处理过程中的运动/额叶皮质区域。皮质活动将与不同的行为分析 模式和子运动，并告知主动单元如何作为人群贡献整体皮质活动 模式和手工互动。将开发电路映射范例以剖析介导的电路 沿着咬合和/或前肢相关的皮质骨途径沿着伴随马达的电动机进行通信 运动三叉神经核中的神经元。总体结果将是一套新颖的工具，实验性 范式和概念框架，以实现对口感控制的未来深入研究。