Religion of Assyria

亚述的宗教

• 批准号: 09610032
• 负责人: IWATA(WATANABE) Kazuko
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Toyo Eiwa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610032/
• 关键词: Assur; Assyria; Pantheon; Eunuch; Seal; Iconography; キュルテペ; メソポタミア; ギルガメシュ; 太陽神; 神義論

Having studied the religion of Assyria, I could successfully analyze especially the two points as follow :1. Religious identity of Assyria and its understanding of foreign cultyresAssyria, in the midst of the Ancient Orient, could amazingly be exist continuously from 2000 BC to 612 BC.What made it possible is, in my viewpoint, the characteristic of the god Assur, the supreme god of Assyria. The god was a deification of the place called Assur. The city and the country around the city were Assur. Assyria (the country Assur) was therefore identical with the god Assur. Assyria was influenced by foreign cultures with time, but did not lose the identity thanks to its unique religious and historical identity.2. Religious aspects of Neo-Assyrian officials' sealsMost of the official's seals in Neo-Assyrian period (1000〜612 BC) show depictions of the owner of the seal as worshiper who is standing before the depiction of deity. Scrutinizing the seal inscriptions and the iconography of the official's seals I could elucidate that there are two groups of the officials, i.e. the eunuchs and "the bearded", and that the both kind of officials were worshipping the deities which can be devided into four groups (a male god, a goddess, a pair of a male god and a goddess, winged sun disk).

通过对亚述宗教的研究，我特别成功地分析了以下两点：亚述的宗教身份及其对外国文化的理解亚述，在古代东方的中间，可以令人惊讶地从公元前2000年持续存在到公元前612年。在我看来，使之成为可能的，是亚述至高之神亚述神的特性。这位神是一个叫亚述尔的地方的神。城和城四围的郊野都属亚述。亚述（国家亚述）因此与神亚述相同。随着时间的推移，亚述受到外来文化的影响，但由于其独特的宗教和历史身份，并没有失去其身份。新亚述官印的宗教方面新亚述时期（公元前1000 ~ 612年）的官印大多描绘印章的主人是站在神像前的崇拜者。通过对官印铭文和官印肖像的考察，可以看出官吏有太监和“胡须官”两类，这两类官吏所崇拜的神可分为四类（一男神、一女神、一对一男一女神、有翼太阳盘）。

项目成果

渡辺和子: "円環的生命観的神話-宗教学的神話解釈の試み-"東洋英和女学院大学心理相談室紀要. 4(印刷中).

渡边和子：“基于生命循环观的神话——从宗教角度解读神话的尝试”东洋英和大学心理咨询室通报4（出版中）。

Kazuko Watanabe (ed.): "Priests and officials in the Ancient Near East"Carl Winter, Heidelberg. 366 (1999)

渡边和子（编）：“古代近东的牧师和官员”卡尔·温特，海德堡。

渡辺和子: "『ギルガメシュ叙事詩』-死の克服の神話-"東洋英和女学院大学心理相談室紀要. 3. 7-13 (1999)

渡边和子：《吉尔伽美什史诗-战胜死亡的神话》东洋英和大学心理咨询室通报3. 7-13 (1999)。

前川和也 ほか: "岩波講座 世界歴史 2 オリエント世界-7世紀"岩波書店. 318 (1998)

前川和也等：《岩波讲义世界史 2 东方世界 - 7 世纪》岩波书店 318（1998）。

Kazuko Watanabe(ed.): "Priests and Officials in the Ancient Near East"Carl Winter, Heidelberg. 370 (1999)

渡边和子（编）：“古代近东的牧师和官员”卡尔·温特，海德堡。