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Aspects of Interface Phenomena of the English Auxiliary System

英语辅助系统的界面现象各方面

基本信息

批准号：
09610464
负责人：
KANEKO Yoshiaki
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research, I have investigated linguistic phenomena in English which involve auxiliary elements such as tense, modals, negation, and so on, from the viewpoint of syntax-semantics-pragmatics interface. I have also examined the theoretical framework of the Minimalist Program in terms of these interface phenomena. The main claim on the theoretical framework is that c-command, which has been playing significant roles in a variety of subfields of modern generative studies, should be eliminated from linguistic theory. Although some recent studies claim that c-command can be defined derivationally as a consequence of fundamental structure-building processes, my claim is that c-command is not necessary either in syntactic computation or in semantic interpretation even as a derivationally defined notion. If this claim is correct, we can contribute to "minimizing" syntactic theory in a significant way. The investigation of syntax and semantics of tense in terms of the Inclusiveness Condition of the Minimalist Program has revealed that Modal and Perfect always project irrespective of morphological realization of these heads, and that we need Modal Reference Time in addition to Speech Time, Reference Time, and Event Time of the traditional Reichenbachian theory. As for sentence negation in English, I have shown that a distinction should be made between true negative expressions which contain Neg operator and "parasitic" negative expression which contain no Neg operator. What is claimed about modals in English is that they are not lexically ambiguous as traditional analyses claim, but lexically monosemous and uniformly raising predicates in ever reading. I have argued that a variety of observed readings of modals come from the interaction of the core lexical meaning of each modal, pragmatic factors, and two ways of predications.

在本研究中，我从句法-语义-语用界面的角度研究了英语中涉及时态、情态动词、否定等辅助成分的语言现象。我还研究了最简方案的理论框架，在这些界面现象。理论框架的主要主张是，在现代生成研究的各个子领域中发挥重要作用的c命令，应该从语言理论中删除。虽然最近的一些研究声称，c-命令可以被定义为派生的结果，基本的结构建设过程，我的主张是，c-命令是不必要的，无论是在句法计算或语义解释，甚至作为一个派生定义的概念。如果这一主张是正确的，我们就可以对“最小化”句法理论做出重大贡献。根据最简方案的包容性条件对时态的句法和语义的考察表明，情态和完成时总是投射而与这些中心语的形态实现无关，除了传统赖兴巴赫理论的言语时间、参照时间和事件时间之外，我们还需要情态参照时间。关于英语句子的否定，我指出，应该区分含有否定运算符的真否定表达式和不含否定运算符的“寄生”否定表达式。关于英语情态动词的研究表明，情态动词并不像传统的分析所认为的那样具有词汇歧义性，而是具有词汇单义性，并且在阅读过程中具有一致的提升谓语。我认为，情态动词的各种解读来自于每个情态动词的核心词汇意义、语用因素和两种谓语方式的相互作用。