On the notion of cycle in the application of semantic interpretation rules

本研究的目的是探讨句法推导中循环之间的关系以及语义解释规则的应用，特别是时态解释、情态和量词的范围解释、代词约束和附加解释。本研究的实证结果主要有以下三点。(1)A提出了一种新的时态解释系统。在这个系统中，时间表征是派生的，没有规定任何特定的类别为周期。（2）提出了时态调整规则（SOT）来解释英语中的SOT现象。它已被证明，句法信息必须是可用的时，SOT调整规则的应用。（3）通过考察矩阵从句中情态动词和条件if从句中代词主语的代词约束现象，我们发现某些if从句对抽象情态动词起着限制作用。 ...更多信息 包含在功能语类中心语中的所有操作符，出现在合作原则之外，起着“施为从句”的作用。在此基础上，本文提出了一种新的语义学模型--分布式语义学。分布式语义学由三个主要思想组成。（1）作为AGREE/Feature Checking的结果，句法对象中只包含可解释特征的部分是“语义对象”，也是句法对象。在派生的最后，派生的句法宾语作为一个整体也是一个语义宾语。（2）语义解释规则是根据早期原则，在相关语义对象被构造之后应用的。(3)It没有必要将特定类别指定为用于语义解释的循环。这一点有利于Epstein和Seely（2002）的方法，而不是Chomsky的基于阶段的方法。少

The purpose of this project is to investigate into the relation between cycles in syntactic derivations and the application of semantic interpretation rules, with special reference to tense interpretation, scope interpretation of modals and quantifiers, pronominal binding, and adjunct interpretation. The main empirical findings of the research are the following three points.(1)A new tense interpretation system has been proposed. In this system, temporal representations are constructed derivationally, without stipulating any specific category as cycle. (2)The Sequence of Tense (SOT) adjustment rule has been proposed to account for SOT phenomena in English. It has been shown that syntactic information must be available when the SOT adjustment rule is applied. (3)Through the examination of pronominal binding phenomena involving modals in matrix clauses and pronominal subjects in conditional if-clauses, it has been shown that some type of if-clauses function as restrictors for abstract mod … More al operators contained within the head of the functional category that occurs outside CP and functions as 'performative clause'. It has been also shown that syntactic information must be available when pronouns are interpreted as bound by quantifiers.On the basis of these empirical findings, a new model of semantics, that is, Distributed Semantics, is suggested Distributed Semantics consists of the three main ideas. (1)The parts of a syntactic object that contain only interpretable features as a result of AGREE/Feature Checking are 'semantic objects' as well as syntactic objects. At the end of derivation, the derived syntactic object as a whole is a semantic object as well. (2)Semantic interpretation rules are applied once relevant semantic objects are constructed, in accordance with the Earliness Principle. (3)It is not necessary to specify particular categories as cycles for semantic interpretation. This point favors the approach of Epstein and Seely (2002) over the phase-based approach of Chomsky. Less