Solar Wind Energy Transfer into the Equatorial Ionosphere

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Multinationally coordinated observations have been conducted along the 210 deg.magnetic meridian from high latitudes through middle and low latitudes to the equaatorial region, spanning L=8.50-1.00, and along the dip equator, in cooperation with more 30 organizations in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Micronesia, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan, Vietnam, and the United States. The organized ground network data of magnetic fields make ita possible (1) to study the magnetospheric responses to various changes in the solar wind, by distinguishing bitween temporal changes and spatial variations in the phenomena, and (2) to clarify the global propagation, transfer, and coupling processes of magnetospheric phenomena from the polar to equatorial regions.During the period of 1996-1997, the following multinationaily coordinated observations and research project were performed ;(1) In order to clarify the relationships of magnetospheric phenomena in … More the polar and equatorial regions, we coducted magnetic and electric field observations in Siberia, Alaska, Philippines, Guam, and Yap in the 210 MM network, and nagotiated with the institutes in Canada, Brazil and Pere for collaborative magnetic observations.(2) Optical and magnetic equipments (i.e., all-sky TV camerain, induction and flux gate magnetometers) in Canada, which were installed by University of Tokyo and Nagoya University during the STEP period, were re-used for the global network observations.(3) Magnetic observations at middle-and low-latitude stations in Korea, Hawaii, Papua New Guinea, Pohnpei, Indonesia, and Australia in the Pacific region were also carried out to study the propagation and transfer processes of magnetospheric phenomena from the polar to equatorial regions.(4) Especially, electromagnetic observations along the dip equator in the west Pacific region at Cebu and Davao in Philippines, at Pohnpei, Yap, Guam and Christmas Island in Micronesia, were started to investigate the dynamics of equatorial electrojet current and the associated phenomena.(5) For effective data analyzes and exchanges with the ISTP satellites and the other ground-based networks, the investigators of this project were dispatched to the Western Pacific Geophysical Meeting, held in Australia in 1996, and the IAGA,held at Uppsala in 1997.(6) Summary report of research results was published in March, 1998.From the multinationally coordinated observations along the 210 deg.magnetic meridian from high latitudes to the equatorial region, and along the dip equator, we could get important network data to study the magnetospheric responses to various changes in the solar wind, and clarify the global propagation and transfer characteristics of magnetospheric phenomena in the frequency range of DP2-Pc3, from the polar to equataorial regions. Less