Investigations of Polar Disturbances in the Arctic Upper Atmosphere

abstractsivjeeopp - 0352742知识价值。首席研究员将继续研究北极大气中的日地扰动，这些扰动在极地热层、中间层和平流层中注入和输送能量。他将研究北极低层和高层大气区域的耦合和能量学，这些区域与波状扰动的产生和传播有关。一种现象是平流层变暖事件，它将低层大气与北极上空的中高层大气区域耦合在一起。平流层变暖事件（SWE）与极地涡旋的动力学和重力波的产生有关，重力波将能量从低层大气输送到北极的中高层大气。在朗伊尔城、斯匹次卑尔根岛、康厄鲁瓦克、格陵兰岛和加拿大雷索特湾对北极中低层热层（MLT）组成、动力学和热力学的观测，为研究北极各大气区域的耦合和能量学提供了必要的数据。他将把北极陆基MLT区域的光电遥感数据与这些站点的并发激光雷达和雷达数据以及这些站点立交桥期间的卫星数据整合起来。三个北极站点的设备也记录极光现象的光学特征。将对这些测量结果进行分析，以研究在北极热层中沉淀的太阳电子和质子以及强电磁场能量（来自太阳风的机械能）对北极高层大气和电离层的组成、动力学和热力学的影响。四名科学家和八名学生将参与讨论以下问题：1)MLT冷却观测能否为SWE的发生提供预警？2)能否定量地将在北极不同地点观测到的SWE的MLT特征的相位滞后与极涡运动联系起来？3) SWE过程中重力波的传播和滤波如何导致SWE与MLT变化之间的定量关联？4) f区斑块是否在磁层尖端的电离层投影内和周围形成，并在极帽上空对流？5) f区斑块的极帽毛毛雨是减少了还是抑制了？6) f区斑块中是否存在与地磁场对齐的电场相关的焦耳加热？结果对f区热力学和组成有什么影响？7)极向太阳弧的粒子源区域是什么？这个拓扑结构和产生极光的拓扑结构不同吗？8)什么太阳风和IMF特征与bz0时形成的极帽极光弧有关？在这些相对罕见的事件中，沉淀电子的平均能量和能量通量与bz0时观察到的不同吗？9)极光诱导的极光卵圆赤道和极向边界附近e区O/N2比值的变化与极光卵圆夜间中心区域的变化是否有显著差异？更广泛的影响：首席研究员将继续参与长期以来的传统，本科生将代表男女和几乎所有种族，研究生和两名博士后。本研究将为这些本科生和研究生参与令人兴奋的新研究提供一种机制，鼓励他们在科学会议上展示他们的研究成果。首席研究员将继续研究北极大气中的日地扰动，这些扰动在极地热层、中间层和平流层中注入和输送能量。他将研究北极低层和高层大气区域的耦合和能量学，这些区域与波状扰动的产生和传播有关。一种现象是平流层变暖事件，它将低层大气与北极上空的中高层大气区域耦合在一起。平流层变暖事件（SWE）与极地涡旋的动力学和重力波的产生有关，重力波将能量从低层大气输送到北极的中高层大气。在朗伊尔城、斯匹次卑尔根岛、康厄鲁瓦克、格陵兰岛和加拿大雷索特湾对北极中低层热层（MLT）组成、动力学和热力学的观测，为研究北极各大气区域的耦合和能量学提供了必要的数据。他将把北极陆基MLT区域的光电遥感数据与这些站点的并发激光雷达和雷达数据以及这些站点立交桥期间的卫星数据整合起来。三个北极站点的设备也记录极光现象的光学特征。将对这些测量结果进行分析，以研究在北极热层中沉淀的太阳电子和质子以及强电磁场能量（来自太阳风的机械能）对北极高层大气和电离层的组成、动力学和热力学的影响。更广泛的影响：首席研究员将继续参与长期以来的传统，本科生将代表男女和几乎所有种族，研究生和两名博士后。这项研究将为这些本科生和研究生提供一种参与令人兴奋的新研究的机制，鼓励他们在科学会议上展示他们的研究工作，并继续他们在技术领域的培训。这些项目涉及发展和应用最先进的极微光（L3）技术。研究结果将对不同大气区域能量耦合领域的气象学做出重大贡献，并将量化太阳磁云/日冕物质抛射事件对必须穿越受这些太阳扰动影响的极地热层的各种通信、遥感、监视和其他卫星的影响。

ABSTRACTSivjeeOPP-0352742Intellectual Merit. The Principal Investigator will continue his investigations of solar-terrestrial disturbances in the Arctic atmosphere in which these disturbances inject and transport energy throughout the Polar thermosphere, mesosphere, and stratosphere. He will investigate the coupling and energetics of various Arctic lower and upper atmospheric regions associated with the generation and propagation of wave-like disturbances in these regions. One phenomenon is the Stratospheric Warming Event, which couples the lower atmosphere to the middle and upper atmospheric regions over the Arctic. Stratospheric Warming Events (SWE) are associated with the dynamics of the polar vortex and the generation of gravity waves, which transport energy from the lower atmosphere to the middle and upper atmosphere in the Arctic. Observations of the modulations of the Arctic mesosphere-lower-thermosphere (MLT) composition, dynamics and thermodynamics at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, and Resolute Bay, Canada, provide the necessary data for investigating the coupling and energetics of various atmospheric regions in the Arctic. He will integrate Arctic ground-based electro-optical remote-sensing data of the MLT regions with concurrent LIDAR and Radar data from these sites, as well as with satellite data during the overpass at these sites. Facilities at the three Arctic stations also record the optical signatures of auroral phenomena. These measurements will be analyzed to investigate the effects of solar electrons and protons precipitating in the Arctic thermosphere as well as of the intense electro-magnetic field energy (derived from the mechanical energy of the solar wind) on the composition, dynamics and thermodynamics of the Arctic upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Four scientists and eight students will participate to address the following questions: 1) can MLT cooling observations provide a forewarning of SWE onset? 2) can they quantitatively relate the phase lags in MLT signatures of SWE observed at different Arctic sites to polar vortex movements? 3) how do gravity wave propagation and filtering during SWE lead to quantitative association between SWE and MLT changes? 4) do F-region patches form in and around the ionospheric projection of the magnetospheric cusp and convect across the Polar Cap? 5) is the polar cap drizzle reduced, or suppressed, in the F-region patches? 6) is there Joule heating associated with the geomagnetic field aligned electric field of the F-region patches? what are the resulting effects on F-region thermodynamics and composition? 7) what is the particle source region for polar sun-aligned arcs? Is the topology different from that generating theta auroras? 8) what solar wind and IMF features are associated with polar cap auroral arcs formed when Bz 0? Are the average energy and energy flux of precipitating electrons with these relatively rare events different from those observed when Bz 0? 9) are the aurorally induced changes in the E-region O/N2 ratio around the equator ward and pole ward boundaries of the auroral oval significantly different from those in the central region of the night sector of the auroral oval? Broader impacts: The Principal Investigator will continue the long-standing tradition of participation of undergraduates who will represent both genders and almost all ethnic groups, graduate students and two post-docs. The research will provide a mechanism for these undergraduate and graduate students to get involved in exciting new research, encourage them to present their research work at scientific meeABSTRACTSivjeeOPP-0352742Intellectual Merit. The Principal Investigator will continue his investigations of solar-terrestrial disturbances in the Arctic Atmosphere in which these disturbances inject and transport energy throughout the Polar thermosphere, mesosphere and stratosphere. He will investigate the coupling and energetics of various Arctic lower and upper atmospheric regions associated with the generation and propagation of wave-like disturbances in these regions. One phenomenon is the Stratospheric Warming Event, which couples the lower atmosphere to the middle and upper atmospheric regions over the Arctic. Stratospheric Warming Events (SWE) are associated with the dynamics of the Polar Vortex and the generation of gravity waves, which transport energy from the lower atmosphere to the middle and upper atmosphere in the Arctic. Observations of the modulations of the Arctic mesosphere-lower-thermosphere (MLT) composition, dynamics and thermodynamics at Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, and Resolute Bay, Canada, provide the necessary data for investigating the coupling and energetics of various atmospheric regions in the Arctic. He will integrate Arctic ground-based electro-optical remote-sensing data of the MLT regions with concurrent LIDAR and Radar data from these sites, as well as with satellite data during the overpass at these sites. Facilities at the three Arctic stations also record the optical signatures of auroral phenomena. These measurements will be analyzed to investigate the effects of solar electrons and protons precipitating in the Arctic thermosphere as well as of the intense electro-magnetic field energy (derived from the mechanical energy of the solar wind) on the composition, dynamics and thermodynamics of the Arctic upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Broader impacts: The Principal Investigator will continue the long-standing tradition of participation of undergraduates who will represent both genders and almost all ethnic groups, graduate students and two post-docs. The research will provide a mechanism for these undergraduate and graduate students to get involved in exciting new research, encourage them to present their research work at scientific meetings and to continue their training in technical fields. The projects entail development and application of state-of-the-art very low-light-level (L3) technology. Results of the research will make significant contributions to meteorology in the area of energetic coupling of different atmospheric regions and will also quantify the effects of Solar Magnetic Cloud/Coronal Mass Ejection events on various communication, remote sensing, surveillance and other satellites that must traverse the Polar thermosphere affected by these solar disturbances.