Scientific study on the ceramic trade in Asia

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1. Around 260 of ceramic sherds, excavled from kiln sites such as Mino, Seto, Kutani, Karatsu, and excavated from consumer sites were analyzed. As for data outside Japan, ceramic sherds in Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia were collected and analyzed.(1)Composition ratios of trace elements of bodies were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis.(2)Major elements such as Sr, Rb, and Zr were measured in micro-focus energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescenceanalysis. (3)Mineral compositions were examined in X-ray diffractometry. (4 )Chemical compositions of glaze and its colored materials were identified. (5)Lead isotope ratios of Chinese green-glazed ware belonging to Smithsonian Institutionwere measured.2. Ceramic sherds excavated from Asazuma kiln (Kurume city, Fukuoka pref.), Yoshidaya, Miyamotoya, Kutani hon kilns (Yamashiro, Kaga city), Motoyashiki, Seianji, Jorinji nishido kilns No.2 and 3 (Toki city, Gifu pref.) were analyzed. Although kilns in Yamashiro remained the same loc … More ation, three groups of skilled workers alternately managed the manufacturing industry. The distinction of the groups was clarified by comparing the composition ratios of Rb and Sr. The chemical composition of glaze depends on the kilns in which ceramics were burnt. It was clarified that the body was used in a clear distinction between earthenware and porcelain in Yamashiro kilns. Analyzing cobalt-blue glaze used for ash-glazed ware excavated from many kilns in Mino and Yamashiro, the amounts of Mn as a colored material differ from those of each other kiln. As for Khumer earthenware in Angkor period in Cambodia, Kiln sites in Run Ta Ek Tani was surveyed and the micro samples chipped off the surface of the sherds were analyzed. At the same time, the sherds owned by Smithsonian Institution were measured and examined to compare with the data from Run Ta EK Tani.3. On March 8, 1999, International Research Conference was held at Smithsonian Institution as a fruit of chemical analysis on the ceramics. Less