Studies of protective immunity in Chages' disease-the role of immune response related genes-

对克氏穿孔的易感性与产生IL-4的Th2细胞的扩增有关，而耐药性则与产生干扰素γ(IFN-γ)的Th1细胞的扩增有关。在感染后形成常见cd4t细胞前体的Th1或Th2细胞发育起始时的运作机制尚不清楚。为了了解从Th1释放的IFN-γ的功能，我们用IFN-γ培养附体。IFN-γ可促进外马鞭毛菌的增殖。IFN-γ增加了对tryposatigotes LLC-M细胞的感染。中美洲恰加斯病的临床模式与南美洲不同；心脏疾病是中美洲的特征性疾病，而消化和心脏疾病是南美洲的常见病。造成这种差异的一个可能原因似乎是克氏锥虫的遗传差异。到目前为止，关于中美洲和南美洲克氏锥虫基因差异的报道很少。我们对危地马拉、中美洲和南美洲的克氏锥虫分离株进行了同工酶分析，并比较了这两个地区克氏锥虫的遗传结构。在获得的各种模式中，在危地马拉人群中发现了几种遗传上彼此密切相关的酶酶体，尽管也在南美洲的分离株中发现了一些酶酶体。南美洲特有的两种密切相关的酶酶体，与危地马拉的酶酶体差别很大。本研究结果提示，这些遗传变异可能与中南美洲克氏锥虫的致病性差异有关

The susceptibility to trepanations cruzi is associated with the expansion IL-4 producing Th2 cells, whereas the resistance is correlates with the expansion of Th1 cells producing interferon γ(IFN-γ). The mechanisms operating at the initiation of Th1 or Th2 cell development form common CD4'T cell precursors after infection are not cleat. To understand the fuction of IFN-γ released from Th1, epimastigote were cultured with IFN-γ. The prolifreation of epimastigote increased by IFN-γ. Infection to LLC-M cells of tryposatigotes increased by IFN-γ.The clinical pattern of Chagas' disease in Central America is different from that in South America; cardiac disorder is characteristic in Central America, while doth the digestive and cardiac disorders are common is South America. One of the possible causes of this differences seems to be genetic difference in T. cruzi. So far there have been few reports on the genetic differences between T. cruzi from Central America and those from South. We carried out isozyme analysis of isolates of T. cruzi obtained from Guatemala, Central America and those from South American countries, and compared the genetic structures of this parasite from both areas. Among various patterns obtained, several zymodemes genetically closely related to each other were found in Guatemalan populations, although some were found in isolates from South America, too. Two closely related zymodemes unique to South America, differed greatly from Guatemalan zymodemes. The results of this study suggest that the genetic variations might be related to the differences in pathogenicity of T. cruzi in Centraland South Americas