A Follow-up Study of Mentally Disordered Offenders-Analisis from the aspects of Psychiatry and Law

为建立有效的精神障碍罪犯治疗制度，进行了以下三项研究。对1980年在司法部登记为对其犯罪行为不负责任或责任减轻的542名Scizagic罪犯进行了后续研究。三、社会变迁对1980年（140例）至1994年（130例）女性精神障碍罪犯影响之研究。1994年在精神病院犯下严重罪行的23名精神障碍者的研究对1994年在司法部登记的1 131名精神病罪犯的数据进行分析，从这四项研究中，下列结果似乎很重要。(1)重复犯罪的精神分裂症罪犯可分为两类：e.先罪型和先病型。后一种罪犯似乎有很高的再次犯罪风险，需要更多的特别护理。(2)社会变化，特别是精神卫生政策的变化，对精神病患者的犯罪分布和他们的法律的程序产生了很大影响。与1980年组相比，1994年组年龄明显偏大，接受门诊和社区精神卫生服务较多，犯罪再犯率较高。(3)对于在精神病院中发生的犯罪行为，病房工作人员更仔细的观察和充分的应对似乎有助于预防犯罪行为的发生。考虑到这些发现，我们应该努力在日本建立有效的精神障碍犯罪者治疗制度。

For the purpose of contributing to establish useful treatment system for mentally disordered offenders, following three studies were carried out.1. A follow-up study on 542 Scizophrenic Offenders, who were registered in 1980 as irresponsibility or diminished responsibility for their criminal act at the Ministry of Justice.2. A study on the impact of social changes on female mentally disordered offenders from 1980 (140 cases) to 1994 (13o cases).3. A study on 23 mentally disordered offenders who committed serious crimes in mental hospitals in 1994.4. An analysis of data on 1131 mentally disordered offenders registered in 1994 at the Ministry of Justice.From these four studies, following findings seems to be important.(1) Schizophrenic offenders who repeat crimes may be divided into two groups, i. e. , crime-preceding type and illness-preceding type. Offenders of latter type seems to be at high risk for criminal recidivism and need more intensive care.(2) Social change, particularly in mental health policy, had affected great deal on the distribution of crimes by the mental patients and the legal process for them. Compared with the 1980 groups, the 1994 groups was significantly older, had received more outpatient and community mental health services, had higher criminal recidivism rates.(3) As to the offenses committed in the mental hospitals, more careful observation and adequate respond by the ward staffs seems to be useful to prevent them.Taking account of these findings, we should make effort to establish useful treatment system for mentally disordered offenders in Japan.