Persisting Aspects of Social Institutions in Japanese Society

我们三人从不同的理论角度来探讨上述主题。Shimpo采用了两种研究方法。首先，他运用系统理论来解释农业社区持续存在的方面。他假定是开放的。农产品市场政策和大米减量。政策作为投入来自环境，而机械化和就业在非。作为系统产出的农业部门。他进行了深入的访谈，以探索在新实现的社会平衡中社会制度的功能必要条件。其次，他在1996年至1998年期间对和野农业合作社的成员进行了三次调查。他收集了1211份完整的表格，这些表格将在未来几年进行分析。Metsudn根据人类活动将受试者的生活时间分为三类：生物活动、生产活动和消费活动。她使用了20世纪50年代的数据，最近又制作了20世纪80年代与两个正在形成的社区有关的数据。比较这两组数据。她发现，生产活动的变化同时影响生物活动和消费活动。通过她对项目的贡献，这些变化已经以量化的形式确立起来。Wazaki专注于两个关键概念，民间传说和流行事件。前者代表持久的方面，后者代表变化的方面。他研究了京都祭祀祖先的传统仪式——大园寺的案例。几个世纪以来，这个仪式一直由一个特定的社会群体进行。最近，许多正式组织和非正式团体都开展了与这一仪式有关的活动。因此，这个仪式已经成为京都一个固定的节日。利用这些数据，我们试图发展一种更普遍的理论，能够解释日本社会中社会制度的持久方面。

The three of us approached the above theme from different theoretical perspectives.Shimpo adopted two research methods. First, he employed systems theory to explain persisting aspects of farming communities. He postulated the open.market policy for agricultural products and reduced rice.growing policy as inputs from the environment, and mechanization and employment in non.agricultural sectors as outputs from the system. He conducted in-depth interviews to explore functional requisites of social institutions in the newly achieved social equilibrium. Secondly, he conducted three surveys of members of the Kazuno Agricultural Cooperative during the period 1996 to 1998. He collected 1,211 completed forms, which will be analyzed in the coming years.Metsudn dividcd the subjocts' lifa-hours into three cotegories in terms of humanactivities : biological activities, production activities and consumption activities. She made use of data from the 1950s, and more recently produced data from the 1980s pertaining to two fnrming communities. Comparing these two sets of data. she found that changes in production activities affect both biological and consumption activities. Through her contribution to the project, the changes have been established in quantitative torms.Wazaki focused on two key concepts folklore and popular events. The former represents persisting aspects and the latter, changing aspects. lIe examined the case of Daimonji, a traditional rite of ancestor worship in Kyoto. This rite has been carried out by a specific socinl group fnr several centuries. Recently, numerous formal organizations and informn&l groups have developed their own octivities in relation to this rite. As a consequence, the rite hns become en established festival in ICyoto.Using these cinta, we are attempting to develop a more general theory which is capable of explnining persisting aspects of socini institutions in Japiinese society.