Urban communities after the Great Kobe Earthquake

在这项研究中，我们从神户和旭岛受灾严重的城市地区抽取了100户家庭作为样本。从1995年到1997年，我们每年都对这些家庭进行研究。我们从这些小组研究中发现的事实如下。在地震发生前居住在这些地区的家庭中，有一半在这3年中返回了原来的住所。然而，一半的家庭不能回到他们以前的家。特别是那些过去住在租来的公寓里的人被迫离开他们以前的住所。我们发现了重建过程的两种模式。两种模式之一是自助式，即家庭自行重建房屋。另一种是政府支持的类型，即家庭获得由地方和国家政府提供的住房或公寓。前一种模式覆盖了60%的家庭，后一种模式覆盖了40%的家庭。我们还需要继续分析数据，找出这些行为模式中的一些一般趋势，并希望建立一个关于灾难的社会学理论。

In this research we sampled 100 households from heavily damaged urban areas in Kobe and Awajishima. We researched these households every year from 1995 through to 1997. Facts which we found from these panel researches are as follows.1. Half of the numbers of households which were living in these areas before the earthquake returned to their former residence during these 3 years. However the half of the households could not come back to their previous homes. Especially those who used to live in the rented apartment hourses are forced to leave their previous residences.2. We found two patterns of the process of reconstruction. One of the two patterns is self-helping type which means families reconstruct their houses on their own. The other is government-supported type which means families get their houses or apartments provided by local and national governments. The former pattern covers 60% of the households and the latter 40%.We must continue to analyze the data to find out some general tendencies in these behavior patterns and we also hope to establish a sociological theory on disaster.