STUDY ON MECHANISM OF FLOW AND DEPOSITION OF DEBRIS-MUD FLOW

泥石流流动沉积机理研究

• 批准号: 08455231
• 负责人: HIRANO Muneo
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08455231/
• 关键词: Debris flow; Mud flow; Mass movement of bed load type; Sediment transport; Flow resistance; Deposition of sediment

(1) Profiles of concentration and velocity of mass movement of bed load type.The mass movement of bed load type was treated as a two layr flow. To the under layr high concentration, equations of force balance were set in flow and its vertical direction. The averaged concentration and velocity distribution were derived from these equations. The depth of the under layr was estimated by using empirical equation. In the upper layr, equation of velocity distribution was derived from the force balance in flow direction. The velocity profile of whole flow was given by integrating velocity distribution of each layr. From these results, equations of velocity coefficient and concentration of flow were obtained. The validity of these equations were examined by comparing with flume data.(2) Sediment transport rate.By using equations mentioned above, equation for sediment transport rate was derived. This new equation coincides with that of debris flow on steep channel, and is similar with conventional bed load function on very mild slope channel. These facts suggest that the new equation is applicable in the wide range from bed load to debris flow.(3) Simulation of flooding and deposition.Simulation method by using equations of flow resistance and sediment transport rate was proposed. This new method was applied to the Mizunashi River in Unzen Volcano to estimate the hazard area due to debris flow. In the simulation, the upper boundary conditions were calculated from the hydrograph obtained by using runoff analysis of neural network. New equations of sediment transport rate was also used in the simulation. The simulated results show good agreement with the field data. By this method, estimation of hazard area for a given rainfall is possible.

(1)推移质类型的物质运动的浓度和速度的分布推移质类型的物质运动被视为一个两层流。对于下层高浓度，建立了水流方向和垂直方向的力平衡方程。从这些方程推导出平均浓度和速度分布。利用经验公式估算了下垫面的深度。在上层，由流向上的力平衡推导出速度分布方程。通过对各层速度分布的积分，得到了整个流场的速度分布。由这些结果得到了流速系数和浓度的计算公式。通过与水槽实测资料的比较，验证了公式的正确性。(2)输沙率：利用上述公式推导出输沙率公式。该方程与陡槽泥石流方程一致，与缓坡槽常规推移质方程相似。这些事实表明，新方程适用于从推移质到泥石流的广泛范围。(3)提出了利用水流阻力方程和输沙率方程进行洪水冲淤模拟的方法。并将该方法应用于云前火山水梨川泥石流危险区的估算。在模拟过程中，上边界条件由神经网络径流分析得到的过程线计算。模拟中还采用了新的输沙率公式。模拟结果与实测数据吻合较好。利用该方法，可以对给定降雨量下的灾害面积进行估算。

项目成果

H.Hashimoto, M.Hirano: "Flow resistance and transport rate of the mass movement of bed load type." Journal of Hydraulics, Costal and Environmental Engineering. No.545, II-38. 33-42 (1996)

H.Hashimoto，M.Hirano：“床负载类型的质量运动的流阻和传输速率。”

楊永荻・平野宗夫・藤田恭三: "開水路流れの乱流構造に及ぼす掃流砂の影響" 水工学論文集. 第41巻(3月発行予定). (1997)

杨永兴、平野宗雄、藤田恭三：“底土荷载对明渠水流湍流结构的影响”，《水利工程学报》第 41 卷（预定 1997 年 3 月出版）。

T.Yakabe, M.Hirano, H.M.Nagy: "Planing for Environmental Administration of Urban River." Proc.of International Conference on Role of Enginieering Towards Better Environment.735-744 (1996)

T.Yakabe、M.Hirano、H.M.Nagy：“城市河流环境管理规划”。

M.Hirano, K.Kawahara, T.Moriyama, M.Banihabib: "Prediction of Occurrence and Amount of Debris Flow by use of Neural Networks." GEOFORMATICS. Vol.7, Nos.1-2. 81-86 (1996)

M.Hirano、K.Kawahara、T.Moriyama、M.Banihabib：“利用神经网络预测泥石流的发生和数量。”

M.Banihabib, M.Hirano: "A mathematical model for hazard zone mapping of debris flow." GEOFORMATICS. Vol.7, Nos.1-2. 87-90 (1996)

M.Banihabib、M.Hirano：“泥石流危险区域绘图的数学模型。”