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Study on the performance of natural ventilation and air-tight in house

房屋自然通风与气密性能研究

基本信息

批准号：
08455266
负责人：
AKABAYASHI Shin-ichi
金额：
$ 3.97万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08455266/
关键词：
Detached house Performance of airtightness The natural ventilation The force of the wind Difference of temperature Equivalent leakage area 機密性能 CFD 実物実験

项目摘要

The research describes the results we got from the field measurement of performance of airtightness, field survey of the influence of wind of the sky, field experiment in a full-size model with a crevice model in the wall. It makes clear the natural ventilation character. Then, the choices of the airtightness of the residence were accumulated.The grade of the airtight performance is high relatively, and equivalent leakage area is below 2cm^2/m^2 in many house, and the new construction house progresses airtight. Airtight performance is not much to choose between the measurement of pressurization method and the depressurization method in this house.The results of wind profile using Doppler Sodars anemomter is power index number is distributed in 0.8 from 0.2, and it became clear that dispersion was big. Power index number shows a tendency of becoming small when it blows from the seashore, but it become large when wind blows from the city area. Both are big dispersion that power index number change by the wind speed and the atmospheric stability.The amount of natural ventilation of the house is influenced by a difference in temperature outside the inside and the outside wind speed. It take the influence of outside wind speed more strongly than a difference temperature between inside and outside in the strong area of the wind.The results of experiment is become clearly that relation of the difference temperature between up and down and the performance of airtightness. It became small distribution between up and down indoor temperature when airtight performance improved. But, It is necessary for the ventilator when decrease of the amount of natural ventilation in case of the improvement of the airtight performance.

本研究描述了气密性性能的现场测量、天空风影响的现场调查、带有墙体缝隙模型的全尺寸模型现场实验的结果。明确了自然通风的特点。在此基础上，对住宅气密性的选择进行了总结，得出住宅气密性等级较高，相当多的住宅等效渗漏面积在2cm ^2/m ^2以下，且新建住宅向气密性方向发展。该住宅的加压法和减压法的测量结果在气密性方面没有太大的选择余地，多普勒声雷达风速仪测得的风廓线的功率指数从0.2分布在0.8，离散度大。从海边吹来的风的动力指数有变小的趋势，而从市区吹来的风的动力指数有变大的趋势。风速和大气稳定度对功率指数的影响都具有很大的离散性，房屋的自然通风量受室内室外温差和室外风速的影响。在强风区，外界风速的影响比内外温差的影响更大，实验结果清楚地表明了上下温差与气密性的关系。随着气密性的提高，室内上下温度分布变小。但是，在提高密闭性的前提下，自然通风量的减少对通风机是必要的。