Mutual reactions of human mast cells and fibroblasts in the regulation of remodering processof allergic inflammation

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Two types of human mast cells have been recognized based on their content of neutral proteases ; MCT cells containing tryptase and MCTC cells containing both tryptase and chymase. Cultured human mast cells raised from umbilical cord blood cells are successfully switched from MCT cells to MCTC cells. The human mast cell is capable of releasing proteases as well as cytokines to initiate and maintain a cutaneous allergic inflammation. Furthermore, the co-culture of human mast cells with dermal fibroblasts revealed the mutual cell biological effects such as fibroblast proliferation as well as collagen production. Also, activated mast cells generate TGF-b and bFGF suggesting the important roles of mast cells in the remodeling process of allergic inflammation, which may play important roles in cutaneous fibrosis such as hypertrophic scar and scieroderma. These findings indicate that the interaction of human mast cells and fibroblasts may be critical in the regulation of fibrotic rcutaneous emodeling. Taken together, the regulation of mast cell activation in allergic inflammatory skin diseases should be promising for the therapeutic approaches in dermatology.