Superantigen Produced by oral Streptococci and oral mucosal diseases.

Takada等人（J. Dent.结果：七十五：922，1996）表明，从链球菌108株培养上清中提取的超抗原组分F-2赋予人外周血T细胞对人口腔上皮细胞的细胞毒活性，细胞毒细胞主要由CD 8 ^+细胞组成。用人干扰素γ预处理增加了上皮细胞对F-2激活的T细胞的细胞毒性的敏感性。F-2激活的T细胞的细胞毒作用不是由可溶性因子如肿瘤坏死因子介导的，而是由淋巴细胞功能相关抗原-1和细胞间粘附分子-1（ICAM-1）之间的相互作用介导的。Rikiishi等人(FEMS Immounol。医学微生物学，十五日：81，1996 & Immunology，91：406，1997）从化脓性链球菌12型菌株的上清液中分离到两种新的超抗原，并命名为化脓性链球菌有丝分裂原（SPM）和有丝分裂原-2（SPM-2）。SPM和SPM-2的分子量分别为28，000和29，000，等电点（PI）分别为9.2和6.0。Sugawara等人（临床实验免疫学，一百零八：284，1997）检测了细胞粘附分子在人结肠上皮细胞系HT-29上的表达和上调，以及与外周血单核细胞相比，外周血T淋巴细胞对该细胞系呈递的葡萄球菌超抗原SEB的增殖反应。结果表明，HT-29细胞支持的SEB的超抗原作用是HLA-DR-和ICAM-1依赖性的，而B7-2和LFA-3不依赖性的，而单核细胞支持的SEB的超抗原作用是HLA-DR-、BF-2-和LFA-3依赖性的。

Takada et al.(J.Dent. Res., 75 : 922,1996) revealed that a superantigenic fraction F-2 from the culture ssupermatant of Streptococcus mits strain 108 endowed human peripheral blood T-cells with cytotoxic activity to human oral epithelial cells.The cytotoxic cell were mainly composed of CD8^+ cells. Pretreatment with human interferon gamma increased the sensitivity of epithelial cells to the cytotoxic of F-2-activated T-cells. The cytotoxic effects of the F-2-activated T-cells were mediated not by soluble factors as tumor necrosis factor, but the interaction between lymphocyte-function-associated amtigen-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Rikiishi et al.(FEMS Immounol. Med.Microbiol., 15 : 81,1996 & Immunology, 91 : 406,1997) isolated two novel superantigens from the supernatant of Streptococcus pyogenes type 12 strain, and designated as S.pyogenes mitogen (SPM) and mitogen-2 (SPM-2). SPM and SPM-2 had molecular weight 28,000 and 29,000, and isoelectric point (PI) of 9.2 and 6.0, respectively. Sugawara et al.(Clin.Exp.Immunol., 108 : 284,1997) examined the expression and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecles on a human colonic epithelial cell line HT-29, and the peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation responses to a staphylococcal superantigen SEB presentd by this cell line as compred with peripheral blood monocytes. They revealed that the superantigencic effects of SEB supported by HT-29 cells is an HLA-DR-and ICAM-1-dependent, but B7-2-and LFA-3-independent manner, whereas HLA-DR-, BF-2-, and LFA-3-dependent in the case supported by monocytes.