Analysis of visuo-motor transformation process in the tecto-reticulo-spinal system.

顶盖-网状-脊柱系统中视觉-运动转换过程的分析。

基本信息

批准号：
08458266
负责人：
ISA Tadashi
金额：
$ 4.67万
依托单位：
National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki National Research Institutes
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08458266/
关键词：
attention express saccades superior colliculus acetylcholine nicotine monkey rats サル脳スライスニコチン

项目摘要

Reaction time of visually guided saccadic eye movements can be a good measure to monitor the state of spatial attention.When our attention on a fixation point in the center of our vesual field is desengaged, and becomes diffused on the periphery of the visual field, extremely short-latency saccadic eye movements (70-100msec after presentation of the target), called express saccades, occur to targets presented in the periphery. We have hypothesized that the express saccades take place when the visual input directly activate the motor output system by taking the short-cut pathway in the central nervous system, and the short-cut pathway is that from the superficial layr to the deeper layrs of the superior colliculus (SC). Furthermore, we hypothesized that acetylcholinergic system plays the dey role in facilitating the signal transmission in the SC to execute the express saccades.To prove these hypotheses, we investigated (1) signal transmission in the local circuit of the SC and function … More of acetylcholinergic input by using slice preparations obtained from rats, and (2) effect of injection of acetylcholine-related substance (especially nicotine) into the SC on saccadic reaction time.(1) We have clarified that there exists an excitatory pathway from the optic tract (OT) to the intermediate layr (SGI) of the SC via neurons in the superficial (SGS) and optic (SO) layrs by suing whole cell patch clamp recording technique in the SC slices obtained from rats. The excitatory transmission in mediated by both AMPA and NMDA type glutamate receptors, and usually under strong suppression by the GABAA system. Nicotine induces inward currents in neurons in the intermediate layr of the SC,by direct action on the nicotinic receptors in these neurons. Furthermore, application of nicotine dramatically enhanced the signal transmission in the OT-SGS/SO-SGI pathway, which was attriuted to the depolarization of the SGI neurons by nicotine.(2) When nicotin (1-10mM,1mul) is injected into the SGI of the monkey SC (n=2), frequency of express saccades (latency below 100 msec) dramatically increased. The mechanisms was supposed to be bypassing the short-cut pathway from the SGS/SO to the SGI neurons by depolarizing the SGI neurons.We are further planning to investigate the effect of acetylcholine antagonists on occurrence of express saccades and activity of cholinergic neurons in the pedunclulopontine tegmental nucleus, which is the input origin of the cholinergic fibers innervating the SC during visually guided saccade task. Less

Reaction time of visually guided saccades eye movements can be a good measure to monitor the state of spatial attention.When our attention on a fixation point in the center of our vegetable field is desengaged, and becomes diffused on the peripheral of the visual field, extremely short-latency saccades eye movements (70-100msec after presentation of the target), called express saccades, occur to targets presented in the peripheral.我们已经假设，当视觉输入通过在中枢神经系统中的短距离途径直接激活电动机输出系统时，会发生快速扫视，而短路的途径是从浅表层到上层胶囊的更深路线（SC）。 Furthermore, we hypothesized that acetylcholinergic system plays the dey role in facilitating the signal transmission in the SC to execute the express saccades.To prove these hypotheses, we investigated (1) signal transmission in the local circuit of the SC and function … More of acetylcholinergic input by using slice preparations obtained from rats, and (2) effect of injection of acetylcholine-related substance （尤其是尼古丁）进入SCADIC反应时间的SC。（1）我们已经澄清说，从浅表（SGS）中的神经元（SGS）中的神经元（SG）和Optic（SO）中的SC的中间Layr（SGI）和Optic（SO）中的SC中存在了令人兴奋的途径，并通过在SC SCLICE中引起整个细胞板板唱片唱片唱片技术来获得SC的SC SLICE。由AMPA和NMDA型谷氨酸受体介导的兴奋传播，通常受到GABAA系统的强抑制作用。尼古丁通过直接对这些神经元中的烟碱受体作用直接作用，从而诱导SC的中间层中的神经元中的电流。此外，尼古丁的应用显着增强了OT-SGS/SO-SGI途径中的信号传输，这归因于烟碱的沉积。（2）当尼古丁（1-10mm，1mul）注入Monkey SC（n = 2）的Sgi（n = 2）时（n = 2）的频率（n = 2）时（n = 2）的频率（latence searts Sacc）（latence drentence）（latence SACC）（latence drence）（latence drence）（latence drence drence）（latence drence）（latence drence）。 The mechanisms was supposed to be bypassing the short-cut pathway from the SGS/SO to the SGI neurons by depollarizing the SGI neurons.We are further planning to investigate the effect of acetylcholine antagonists on occurrence of express saccades and activity of cholinergic neurons in the pedunclulopontine tegmental nuclearus, which is the input origin of the cholinergic fibers innervating在视觉指导扫视任务中的SC。较少的