Research and Development of Composite Materials from Transition Metal Oxides and High Temperature Cabonized Charcoalfrom Wood Wastes for Purification of NOx

过渡金属氧化物与木材废弃物高温干炭复合材料的研究与开发用于净化NOx

• 批准号: 08556054
• 负责人: ISHIHARA Shigehisa
• 金额: $ 7.62万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08556054/
• 关键词: Wood waste; Wood charcoal; Carbon raw material; Transition Metal oxide; Carbon-Metal Composite; NOx; Removal of NOx; Conversion into harmless gases; NO_X; NO_X除去; NOx無害化変換; 気相環境浄化; 複合材料; 光触媒反応; 自動車排気浄化

Many research on the utilization of tree plantation thinnings, lesser used species and other wood wastes have been conducted but the ideal solutions have yet to be found. In cooperation with other researchers, in order to develop new composite materials from transtition metal oxides and charcoal from wood wastes for removal of NOx or its conversion into harmless gases, three new carbonization systems for the mass production of wood charcoal which are low-energy, non-pollutant and continuous process were developed. The products are of consistently high quality.Wood powder carbonized at 1000 and 1400ﾟC,and activated charcoal had considerably larger specific surface areas compared to those carbonized at 200,600,1800 and 2200ﾟC.No large difference was observed on the pore size distribution and specific surface areas between wood powder and wood carbonized at 200,600,1800 and 2200ﾟC.Wood powder carbonized at 1000 and 1400ﾟC as well as activated charcoal created more micropores with radii be … More low 10 nm. The formation and disappearance of micropores might have an effect on the similar tendency between pore size distribution and specific surface area.When the carbonization temperature was 600ﾟC,the concentration of NO was the lowest in all the samples of Nox after passing NO through wood charcoals and activated charcoal, that is, the wood powder carbonized at 600ﾟC indicated the best conversion or adsorption ability, even though the specific surface area and pore size distribution of wood powder carbonized at 600ﾟC were not remarkably large compared to wood carbonized at 1000ﾟC and acivated charcoal. It seems that the conversion of the adsorption ability has nothing to do with physical properties. On the other hand, the concentration of NO_2 was not detected among every sample. It is clear that every charcoal except wood powder has good NO_2 conversion or adsorption ability. Very little concentration of NO was detected from every carcoal. It was observed that wood charcoal reduced NO_2 to NO.When metal oxide-dispersed wood charcoal was ovendried at 105ﾟC, the NO conversion and the reduction efficiency from NO_2 to NO decreased compared to wood charcoal. However, the capacity to convert or adsorb NO was improved by heat treatment of the composite at 600ﾟC.Particularly, vanadiumoxide-dispersed wood charcoal showed the highest tendency to convert or adosorb greater amount of NO.When metal oxide-dispersed wood charcoals were illuminated by monochromatic light with near wavelength of ultraviolet rays, titanium oxide-despersed wood charcoal remarkably decreased the concentration of NO.The shorter the wavelength became, that is, as the light energy increased, the better the conversion or adsorption ability. From this result, it was found that oxide of transiton metal performed as photocatalyst since based from the result, vavadium or titanium oxide oxidizes or reduces NO by light energy.Removal of NO or its conversion into NO or N_2 by the zeolite-dispersed wood charcoal were decreased with an increase in content of zeolite on the wood charcoal. Less

人们对人工林间伐、较少使用的树种和其他木材废弃物的利用进行了许多研究，但尚未找到理想的解决方案。为了利用易位金属氧化物和木屑中的木炭制备脱除NOx或将其转化为无害气体的新型复合材料，与其他研究人员合作，开发了三种用于大规模生产木炭的低能耗、无污染和连续工艺的碳化系统。经1000和1400ﾟC炭化的木粉和活性碳的比表面积明显大于200、600、1800和2200ﾟC炭化的木粉，而200、600、1800和2200ﾟC炭化的木粉和木粉的孔径分布和比表面积差异不大。1000和1400ﾟC炭化的木粉和活性碳产生了更多半径为…的微孔。更低的10纳米。微孔的形成和消失可能影响到孔径分布与比表面积的相似趋势。当碳化温度为600ﾟC时，NO通过木炭和活性碳后的NO浓度在所有样品中最低，即600ﾟC碳化的木粉表现出最好的转化或吸附能力，尽管600ﾟC碳化的木粉的比表面积和孔径分布并不比1000ﾟC碳化的木粉和活性木炭大。吸附能力的转换似乎与物理性质无关。另一方面，并不是每个样品都能检测到NO2的浓度。可见，除木粉外，其余木炭均具有较好的NO_2转化或吸附能力。从每种焦煤中检测到的NO浓度都很低。结果表明，木炭可将NO_2还原为NO，在105ﾟC下，分散金属氧化物木炭的NO转化率和NO_2还原效率均低于木炭。然而，600ﾟC的热处理提高了复合材料对NO的转化或吸附能力，尤其是分散有钒的木炭表现出最大的转化或吸附大量NO的倾向。当分散有金属氧化物的木炭用近紫外光的单色光照射时，分散有二氧化钛的木炭显著降低了NO的浓度，波长变短，即随着光能的增加，转化或吸附能力越好。结果表明，过渡金属氧化物作为光催化剂，钒或钛氧化物利用光能氧化或还原NO，随着沸石分散木炭中沸石含量的增加，NO的脱除或转化为NO或N_2的能力降低。较少

项目成果

S.Ishihara et al.: "Removal of NO_x or Its Conversion into Harmless Gases by Charcoal and Composites of Charcoals and Metal Oxides" Prep.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.,Div.Fuel Chem.41・1. 258-262 (1996)

S. Ishihara 等人：“通过木炭以及木炭和金属氧化物的复合物去除 NO_x 或将其转化为无害气体”Prep.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.，Div.Fuel Chem.41・1。 (1996)

石原茂久: "木質系炭素材料素材開発の新しい展開" 木材学会誌. 42・8. 717-723 (1996)

石原茂久：“木质碳材料的开发新进展”日本木材学会杂志42・8（1996）。

S.Ishihara: "Polymeric Material Encyclopedia,Vol.2/C" CRC Pres.New York, 6 (1996)

S.Ishihara：“高分子材料百科全书，Vol.2/C” CRC Pres.New York，6 (1996)

S.Ishihara et al.: "Removal of NO_X or Its Conversion into Harmless Gases by Charcoal and Composites of Charcoals and Metal Oxides" Prep.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.,Div.Fuel Chem.41・1. 262-258 (1996)

S.Ishihara等人：“通过木炭以及木炭和金属氧化物的复合物去除NO_X或将其转化为无害气体”Prep.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.，Div.Fuel Chem.41・1。 (1996)

石原茂久: "残廃木材炭によるNO_X無害化変換および除去" エコインダストリー. 2・2. 15-20 (1997)

Shigehisa Ishihara：“使用残留木炭进行 NO_X 解毒转化和去除”Eco Industry 2・2（1997）。