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Preparation of a Biochemo-Mechanical Valve Consisting of a Thin Membrane Whose Pore Were Filled

孔隙填充薄膜生化机械阀的制备

基本信息

批准号：
08558092
负责人：
KOKUFUTA Etsuo
金额：
$ 7.17万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A biochemo-mechanical system consisting of gel-entrapped enzymes would be capable of converting biochemical energy created as a result of an enzyme reaction into mechanical work through the swelling and shrinking of the gel, thereby making this type of immobilized enzymes distinct from those of the more usual sort from the perspective of its utilization as a biocatalyst in a chemical conversion. The present study has demonstrated that such a enzymatically driven gel has a functional ability to regulate the permeation of liquid through a sintered glass membrane whose pores had been filled out with the gel. A swollen gel within the pore shuts off a substrate solution passing through it, whereas the enzymatically induced volume collapse of the gel allows the solution to pass through a small opening formed between the gel and glass. This gel system would be regarded as a "biochemo-mechanical valve" having great potentialities as drug delivery devices. Urease, glucose oxidase and glucose dehydrogenase were available for the preparation of the biochemo-mechanical valve. In order to provide a general scheme for constructing the biochemo- mechanical valve, the present study has established the concept for interpreting the volume phase transition of gels at the molecular level. In this regard, we accounted for the volume phase transitions by hypothesizing a balance between the repulsion and attraction among functional groups attached to the crosslinked polymers which arise from a combination of four intermolecular forces : ionic, hydrophobic, van der Waals and hydrogen bonding. When a repulsive force, usually electrostatic in nature, overcomes an attractive force such as hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interaction, the gel volume should increase discontinuously in some cases aid continuously in others. The variables that trigger the transition influence these intermolecular forces and thereby the balanced state of the attractive and repulsive forces.

由凝胶包埋的酶组成的生物化学-机械系统能够通过凝胶的溶胀和收缩将酶反应产生的生化能转化为机械功，从而从其在化学转化中用作生物催化剂的角度来看，使这种类型的固定化酶不同于那些更常见的酶。本研究表明，这种酶促驱动的凝胶具有调节液体通过烧结玻璃膜的渗透的功能能力，所述烧结玻璃膜的孔已被凝胶填充。孔内的溶胀凝胶关闭了通过它的底物溶液，而凝胶的酶促诱导体积塌陷允许溶液通过凝胶和玻璃之间形成的小开口。这种凝胶系统可被视为一种具有巨大潜力的药物释放装置的“生物化学机械阀”。尿素酶、葡萄糖氧化酶和葡萄糖脱氢酶可用于制备生物化学机械瓣膜。为了给构建生物化学-机械瓣膜提供一个通用的方案，本研究建立了从分子水平解释凝胶体积相变的概念。在这方面，我们占体积相变的假设之间的排斥和吸引力之间的平衡所产生的四个分子间力的组合连接到交联聚合物的官能团：离子，疏水，货车德瓦尔斯和氢键。当排斥力（通常是静电性质的）克服吸引力（例如氢键或疏水相互作用）时，凝胶体积在某些情况下应不连续地增加，而在其他情况下应连续地增加。触发转变的变量影响这些分子间力，从而影响吸引力和排斥力的平衡状态。