Development of Artificial Diet for Adult Ptarmigans

1.以柞木叶粉、谷子籽、稗草籽、糙米和荞麦为主要成分配制人工饲料，在笼养条件下研究了松鸡幼、成年对饲料中营养物质的利用.对人工饲养条件下圈养的成年松鸡盲肠植物群进行了研究。盲肠内容物中以肠杆菌科和拟杆菌科为优势菌，双歧杆菌较少，无乳酸杆菌.为了检验茶多酚和低聚果糖是否能改善笼养鸡盲肠菌群，将它们分别添加到人工饲料中，并检查盲肠粪便中的菌群。肠杆菌科和拟杆菌科的数量减少，盲肠粪便中的苯酚减少。相反，双歧杆菌数量和盲肠乙酸含量显著增加.这些结果表明，茶叶提取多酚和果寡糖是非常有效的预防腹泻的圈养雷鸟在低地地区，因此，开发的人工饲料，包括这些添加剂是最佳的圈养雷鸟在低地地区。

1. An artificial diet, which includes oak leaf meal, foxtail millet seed, barngrass millet seed, brown rice and buck wheat as major constituents, was developed and utilization of nutrients in the diet was investigated in young and adult ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus) under captive conditions.2. Cecal flora was examined in captive adult ptarmigans (Lagopus lagopus Japonicus) kept in low land area and fed an artificial diet. Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroiidaeae, adverse bacteria, were found to be dominant in cecal contents, while there were few Bifidobacteria and no Lactobacilli.3. In order to test whether tea polyphenol and fructoligosaccharide were improve the cecal microflora in the captive bird, each of them was added to the artificial diet and microflora in the cecal feces was examined. Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroidaceae were decreased in number and phenol was reduced in cecal feces. On the contrary Bifidobacteria count and cecal acetic acid content were increased significantly.4. These results indicate that tea-extracted polyphenol and fructoligosaccharide are highly effective in preventing diarrhea in captive ptarmigans kept in low land area and consequently the developed artificial diet including these additives are optimal to captive ptarmigans in low-land area.