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Research on the Perception of the West in China in 1860s and the Pin Chun Mission <final title of project : The Western Experiences and the Change of World View of the First Chinese Embassy to England (1877-79)>

1860年代中国西方认知与品春传教团<项目最终名称：西方经验与第一届中国驻英国使馆世界观的转变（1877-79）>

基本信息

批准号：
08610016
负责人：
TESHIROGI Yuji
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Fukushima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The original aim of this research was to reveal changes in the traditional Chinese world view at the end of the Qing dynasty by analyzing the views of Zhang De-yi (1854-1921), a diplomat who visited the West eight times on various tours and assignments following the Pin Chun mission of 1866. As the research progressed, however, its scope was broadened under the new title The Western Experiences and the Change in World View of the First Chinese Embassy to England. It now includes an analysis of Guo Song-tao (1818-1891), the first Chinese Minister to England, and Liu Xi-hong (dates unknown), the first Chinese Vice Minister. Their stay in England coincided with that of Zhang De-yi, who was stationed in England as the first Chinese Ambassador to that country between 1877 and 1879.My analysis focused on how their traditional world views developed as a result of their experience in the West. I considered changes in two views typically held by the Chinese at the time : first, that Chinese civ … More ilization was the one and only universal civilization, and second the assumption of a traditional world order in which China was the center of the world.Liu Xi-hong, who was an intellectual of the old school and displayed little enthusiasm for Westernization, showed little change in his world view as a result of his experiences. However, his evaluation of the West did change dramatically. He no longer conceived of the West as simply comprising uncivilized and barbarous countries. Guo Song-tao, who was also an old-school intellectual but was enthusiastic about Westernization, did show a change in his view of the world order. He absorbed a new world view which centered on the West, but managed to retain his traditional view of Chinese civilization. Zhang De-yi, on the other hand, embraced the Western- centered world order. He appears to have attempted to seek out the originality in both Chinese and Western civilizations, rather than taking the traditional view that Chinese civilization was the one and only universal civilization.Although this research has yet to be completed, I believe it is an innovative approach which complements other research on the question of' how the world view of Chinese intellectuals evolved toward the end of the Qing dynasty. Less

本研究的初衷是通过分析张德彝（1854-1921）的世界观来揭示清末中国传统世界观的变化。张德彝是一位外交官，他在1866年“品春”使命之后，先后八次到西方进行各种图尔斯之旅和任务。然而，随着研究的进展，其范围被扩大到新的标题“西方经验与第一届中国驻英大使馆世界观的变化”。现在包括对中国第一位驻英公使郭嵩焘（1818-1891年）和中国第一位副公使刘锡鸿（日期不详）的分析。他们在英国的时间与1877年至1879年中国第一任驻英大使张德彝在英国的时间相吻合。我的分析集中在他们的传统世界观如何因他们在西方的经历而发展。我考虑了当时中国人通常持有的两种观点的变化：第一， ...更多信息刘锡鸿是一个对西方文化没有多少热情的旧派知识分子，他的世界观并没有因为他的经历而发生什么变化。然而，他对西方的评价确实发生了巨大的变化。他不再认为西方仅仅是由未开化和野蛮的国家组成。同样是老派知识分子但热衷于西化的郭嵩焘，在世界秩序观上确实表现出了变化。他吸收了以西方为中心的新世界观，但又设法保留了对中华文明的传统看法。另一方面，张德义则拥护以西方为中心的世界秩序。他似乎试图在中西文明中寻找独创性，而不是采取传统的认为中华文明是唯一的世界文明的观点。虽然这一研究尚未完成，但我认为这是一种创新的方法，可以补充其他关于“清末中国知识分子的世界观如何演变”的研究。少