Research on the Tradition of Nature-God Thought in the modern History of religious ideas

天神概念蕴含着作为自身本质特征的天人合一的神性概念。在这项研究中，我追溯了主要是德国传统中的自然神观念的历史发展。作为研究的结果，我确定了这样一个事实，即除了自然主义世俗意义上的自然的实现之外，现代还存在着一种可以称为自然唯物论的思想传统。自然观不仅作为反对启示论或现代社会/文化的批判性工具，而且还获得了一种经世论的基调，承诺通过自然生命能量的重新振作来实现内在的超越。在我的研究中，我将5个主题作为讨论的焦点：1)早期现代自然神秘主义的自然本质论的实现；2)德国罗马唯物主义对古代泛神论的恢复；3)19世纪和20世纪反基督教“沃基施”宗教运动中的自然-神和自然-本体论；4)海克尔主义自然科学思想和他的一元论运动中对自然的悖论超越；4)阿多诺和贝贾明批判理论中作为“不同的”的自然及其本体论的含义。

The concept of nature-god implies the concept of the Godhood which comprises the natural as its own essencial characteristic. In this research I traceed the historical development of the idea of nature-god chiefly in German tradition. As a result of the research I ascertained the fact that beside the actualization of the natural in the naturalistic-secular sense there was and is a tradition of thought which can be called the "nature-soteriology" in the modern era. The idea of nature functioned not only as a critical tool agaist the dogma of revelation or against the modern society/culture, but it also acquired a sort of soteriological tone which promised an immanent transcendence through the resustitation of natural life-energy. In my research I thematized 5 topics as focal points of discussion : 1) actualization of the soteriological nature in the early modern nature-mysticism ; 2) the restoration of ancient panphysisism in the German roman ticism ; 3) nature-god and nature-soteriology in the anti-christian "voelkisch"religious movements in the 19th and the 20th centuries ; 4) the paradoxical transcendence of immanet nature in the Haeckelian idea of natural science and his Monistic Movement ; 4) the nature as "the not-identical" and its soteriological implication in the critical theory of Adorno and Bejamin.