A Historical Study of Classifier in Japan

本课题研究的主要成果如下：1.研究人员检查了分类器，并在时间允许的情况下收集了每个时期、每个风格流派、每个写作材料等的例子。它是对古代文献、典籍、读法材料、佛教仪式祷文、书信范本、辞书、古典和现代文献以及当代算术教科书的广泛调查.研究者对日本奥登的分类词进行了历史研究，并对每一个分类词（如衣服的分类词、鱼类和贝类的分类词等）或每一个分类词的主题进行了深入的研究。特别是中世至江户时代的文献编纂中，分类器是必不可少的。准确掌握量词用法是起草者必备的文化和技巧.研究者仔细研究了中国敦煌遗址和墓葬中的古代木简，收集了大量量词的例子，即良词。研究者还研究了东南亚的泰语、老挝语、马来语、高棉语、越南语等的量词。研究者正在考虑构成分类基础的原则。调查人员检查了当代报纸中的分类器使用情况。令人遗憾的是，那里的量词使用过于单一。研究者对岛根方言的量词进行了研究。

Reserch results in the term of project are as follows.1. The investigator examined the classifiers and collected those examples in each period, each style genre, each writing-material and so on, as far as time permited. It is the extensive investigation of ancient documents, ancient records, reading-mark materials, Buddhism ritual prayrs, models for a letter, dictionaries, classical and modern literatures and contemporary arithmetic textbooks.2. The investigator had a historical study about the classifiers of a hawk which had been made good use of hawking since olden times in Japan.It needs further close consideration to each of fierds, such as a fierd of clothing, a fierd of fishes and shellfishes and others, or to each of the subjects of classifier.3. It was found out that classifier was indispensable for drawing up documents from the mediaval period to the Edo era especially. It was the essential culture and technique for drafter to master classifier usage precisely.4. The investigator researched closely ancient wooden-strips from the remains of Dun huang and tombs in China and collected many examples of classifier, namely Liangci.The investigator is also examining classifier in Thai, Lao, Malay, Khmer, Vietnamese and so on in Southeast Asia.The investiator is considering the principles which forms the basis of classification.5. The investigator checked classifier usage in a contemporary newspaper. It is a matter for regret that classifier usage there is too simplified.6. The investigator researched classifier in Shimane regional dialect.