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How to harmonize Free Press and the Individual Integrity

如何协调新闻自由和个人诚信

基本信息

批准号：
08620046
负责人：
ASANO Kenichi
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Doshisha University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08620046/
关键词：
human integrity and privacy pree ethics freedom of the press media accountability system press ombudsman criminal reporting journalism press council 人権と報道情報自由法犯罪報道と人権報道幹議会報道論理名誉毀損・プライバシー侵害

项目摘要

Freedom of the press and individual integrity are both basic human rights protected by the Japanese Constitution. However, I have observed a number of cases in which irreparable deamages have been done to people's lives and reputations by overzealous press convinced that law enforcement is one of their duties.I made surveys in several cases to find out how news media tend to function as a support, rather than a counterbalance, to official authorities. Examples are a hotel employee who was indigted of murder in Oita. Mr.Yoshiyuke Kouno case in Matumoto sarin gas attack and Mr.Richard Jewell in Atlanta Olympics Park bombing. I also reviewed the reporting the murder and decapitation of an 11-year-old in Kobe by a 14-year-old pupil. Focus, a pictoral weekly Focus published a photograph of the suspect violating Japan's Juvenile I aw. I interviewed persons involved as well as reporters, officials and readers.In these cases citizens including innocent individuals were immediately portrayd as the perpetrators upon their arrest. It is obvious that the press are disturbing the right to have a fair trial.The solution must come from within the news media and from Japanese journalists themselves. Press Councils or Press Ombudaman systems are possible remedies. I have proposed to establish a media accountabilitv system here by presenting a Japanese model.

新闻自由和个人诚信都是日本宪法保护的基本人权。然而，我观察到一些案例，在这些案例中，过分热心的媒体认为执法是他们的职责之一，对人们的生活和名誉造成了不可弥补的损害。我对几个案例进行了调查，以了解新闻媒体如何倾向于支持官方权威，而不是制衡官方权威。例如，一名酒店员工对大分的谋杀感到愤怒。松本先生沙林毒气袭击案和理查德·朱厄尔先生亚特兰大奥林匹克公园爆炸案。我还回顾了一名14岁的学生在科比谋杀并斩首一名11岁儿童的报道。图片周刊《焦点》刊登了一张嫌疑人违反日本《少年犯法》的照片。我采访了涉案人员以及记者、官员和读者。在这些案件中，公民，包括无辜的个人，在被捕后立即被描绘成肇事者。很明显，新闻界正在干扰获得公正审判的权利，解决办法必须来自新闻媒体内部和日本记者自己。新闻理事会或新闻监察员制度是可能的补救办法。我在这里提出了建立一个媒体问责制度，并介绍了日本的模式。