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Component Sourcing Network Strategy and Firm Performance in the Japanese Auto Industry

日本汽车行业的零部件采购网络战略和企业绩效

基本信息

批准号：
08630116
负责人：
NOBEOKA Kentaro
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08630116/
关键词：
Automobile Industry Supplier Relation Supplier Network Customer Scope

项目摘要

First, this study analyzed sourcing strategy of six Japanese car assemblers regarding 95 components. We have found that firms using a broad manufacture-supplier network tend to be moreprofitable. In other words, firms with a low sourcing concentration and a high supplier sharing, which are the characteristics of quasi-market strategy, tend to perform better than the other firms.The results in this study have implied that a few leading Japanese automobile manufacturers may have management capabilities in benefiting from both a relatively broad supplier base and cooperative relationship with individual suppliers.Second, By analyzing data of 125 suppliers, this study has found that a supplier with a broad customer scope tends to be more profitable in the Japanese automobile industry. We have asserted that this finding implies that leading Japanese suppliers may have organizational capabilities with respect to managing cooperative assembler-supplier relationships with multiple customers, rather than only with a single keiretsu buyer. This study has argued that management at suppliers should simultaneously focus on benefiting both from inter-firm cooperative relationships and from economies of customer scope.Lastly, this study has conducted network data analysis, which have provided us with some findings that the existing studies at the dyadic or interorganizational set level could not detect. The comparison of the U.S.and Japan in component transaction networks for 15 components has revealed : (1) The number of suppliers is smaller for Japan's sutomakers than for the U.S., (2) The number of customers is larger for Japan's suppliers than for the U.S., (3) Yet, the density of transactions is higher in the U.S.than in Japan, indicating component transactions are more dispersed in Japan, and (4) There are variances in the number of suppliers and customers, and the density of transactions among types of component as well as automakers within the country.

首先，本研究分析了六家日本汽车组装商的 95 种零部件的采购策略。我们发现，使用广泛的制造供应商网络的公司往往利润更高。换句话说，采购集中度低、供应商共享程度高（准市场战略的特征）的企业往往比其他企业表现得更好。本研究的结果表明，少数领先的日本汽车制造商可能具有从相对广泛的供应商基础和与个别供应商的合作关系中受益的管理能力。其次，通过分析 125 家供应商的数据，本研究发现，拥有广泛供应商基础的供应商可能具有良好的管理能力。日本汽车行业的客户范围往往更有利可图。我们断言，这一发现意味着领先的日本供应商可能具有管理与多个客户（而不仅仅是与单个企业集团买家）的组装商-供应商合作关系的组织能力。本研究认为，供应商管理应同时关注从企业间合作关系和客户范围经济中获益。最后，本研究进行了网络数据分析，为我们提供了一些现有研究在二元或组织间集合水平上无法发现的发现。通过比较美国和日本15种零部件的零部件交易网络，可以发现：（1）日本汽车制造商的供应商数量少于美国；（2）日本供应商的客户数量多于美国；（3）但美国的交易密度高于日本，表明日本的零部件交易更加分散；（4）供应商数量存在差异和客户，以及国内零部件类型和汽车制造商之间的交易密度。