权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Fate of Harmful Chemical Substances in Landfill and Establishment of Safety Evaluation Method for leachate

垃圾填埋场有害化学物质的去向及渗滤液安全评价方法的建立

基本信息

批准号：
08650657
负责人：
TANAKA Ayako
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Fukuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since the pollution of underground water by the chemcial substances, which are harmful to man, was found, some chemical substances such as pesticides and organic solvents have been added as the control subjects of environmental standard. The plasticizers and fire retardants of plastics also were detected in the undergraoud water in the landfill site and the surrounding areas and the safety of leachate become the public concern. So, we selected a mutagen test as the detection method of harmful chemical substances, especially the carcinogen, and surveyed the mutagenicity of leachate. From the results, it was cleared that the mutagen test was useful method as the safety indicator for leachate, and that some problems opf mutgen test, such as the extraction of mutagen adn teh removal of inhibitermmust be solved. Moreover, the mutagen may be produced and degraded by the biological decomposition of wastes. So, we tried to solve these problems and to clear the fate of mutagen in the landfill site. The results of this study are as follows ;1) Most of mutagens were concetrated by the adjustment of pH to 2.,2) Blue rayon adsorption could not concentrated the mutagens from all of leachate.,3) On the recovery percentages of mutagen from leachate, there were not great difference between the solvent extraction and CSP resin adsorption.,4) The internal standard method may be unuseful as a correction method against the inhibitation for the mutagen test.,5) The inhibiters of mutagen test can be removed by 10%2PrOH/Hexane.,6) The production and degradation of mutagens in the landfill layr occur by the biodegradation of wastes in an aerobic condition, especially the nitrification process.,7) The mutagens were not only produced by the nitrification, but also the denitrification.,8) It is suggested that Nitroarene may by produced as the mutagen in the landfill layr contained incineration residues.

自从发现地下水受到对人体有害的化学物质的污染后，一些化学物质如农药和有机溶剂被作为环境标准的控制对象。在垃圾填埋场及周边地区的地下水中也检测到塑料的增塑剂和阻燃剂，渗滤液的安全性成为公众关注的问题。因此，我们选择诱变剂试验作为有害化学物质特别是致癌物质的检测方法，并对渗滤液的诱变性进行了调查。结果表明，诱变剂试验作为渗滤液的安全指标是可行的，但诱变剂试验中诱变剂的提取和抑制剂的去除等问题有待解决。此外，诱变剂可以通过废物的生物分解产生和降解。因此，我们试图解决这些问题并清除垃圾填埋场中诱变原的命运。本研究的结果如下：1)大多数诱变剂通过调节pH为2来浓缩。2)蓝色粘胶吸附不能浓缩所有渗滤液中的诱变剂。(3)浸出液中诱变剂的回收率，溶剂萃取法与CSP树脂吸附法差异不大。4)内标法可能不适用于诱变原试验中对抑制作用的校正方法。5) 10%的过氧化氢/己烷可以去除诱变试验中的抑制剂。(6)填埋场层诱变剂的产生和降解是通过垃圾在好氧条件下的生物降解，特别是硝化过程进行的。7)诱变剂不仅由硝化作用产生，也由反硝化作用产生。8)硝基芳烃可能是在垃圾焚烧残渣填埋层中作为诱变剂产生的。