Development of Ecological Al-Al_3Fe Functionnally Graded Material

生态Al-Al_3Fe功能梯度材料的研制

• 批准号: 08650799
• 负责人: FUKUI Yasuyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08650799/
• 关键词: Functionally Graded Material; Vacuum Casting; Intermetallic Compound; Material Testing; Tensile Properties; Law of Mixture; エコロジー; 遠心鋳造

Aluminum can scraps include small amount of steel cans unavoidably. It is difficult and costly to remove the steel cans perfectly and to refine the scrap. How do we remanufacture the scrap efficiently for a structural and component material from the viewpoint of ecology? This is the motivation of the present study. Considering the two phase diagram of aluminum-iron system, intermetallic compound of Al_3Fe is found first at aluminum rich side. Intermetallics are known as hard and brittle nature but, in general, they have a lot of unknown properties that are difficult to find out in references. Is it possible to manufacture Al-Al_3Fe functionally graded material (FGM) that takes advantage of the hardness and high melting point of Al_3Fe intermetallics? FGM is one of the new concept materials and has a graded composition to use each advantage and/or make up each disadvantage. I have proposed the centrifugal method as one of FGM manufacturing methods, which utilizes the difference of centr … More ipetal force between molten metal and hard particles. If the aluminum scraps including iron is applied to the centrifugal method, a kind of Eco-FGM of Al-Al_3Fe can be manufactured. However, the centrifugal method in the laboratory of an ambient condition holds a difficulty to adopt to the high viscosity and low heat capacity alloy melt. The vacuum centrifugal casting system is, thus, planed and designed to overcome the shortage of the former system. A new system is satisfactorily constructed and Al-Al_3Fe FGM of a thick-walled tube is manufactured from Al-10 mass pct Fe master alloy. The morphology of Al_3Fe intermetallic in the aluminum matrix is examined. Profiles of Al_3Fe grain are changed from granular to needle shape depending one the position in the radial direction of the FGM tube. The graded composition is also examined and is varied from pure aluminum at inside of the tube to 40 vol pct Al_3Fe at outer plane of the tube. The corresponding graded Young's modulus and thermal expansion coefficient of Al-Al_3Fe FGM are in the range from 71 to 99.5 GPa and from 25.5・10^<-6> to 21.3・10^<-6>/K,respectively. Tensile tests are done using thin standard specimen for which Al_3Fe grains are homogeneously distributed and the average value is about 28 vol pct Al_3Fe. Tensile strength of 86 MPa at 0.44 pct tensile strain and Young's modulus of 90 GPa are obtained. It is expected that the FGM must be a good wear resistant and heat resistant FGM. Less

铝罐废料包括少量的钢罐。要完全清除钢罐并精炼废料是困难和昂贵的。如何从生态学的角度有效地将废料再制造为结构和零部件材料？这就是本研究的动机。从铝-铁二元相图来看，在富铝侧首先发现Al_3Fe金属间化合物。金属间化合物是一种硬而脆的材料，但一般来说，它们有许多未知的性质，很难在文献中找到。能否利用Al_3Fe金属间化合物的高硬度和高熔点制备Al-Al_3Fe功能梯度材料？FGM是一种新概念材料，具有梯度成分，可以利用每个优点和/或弥补每个缺点。提出了离心法作为功能梯度材料的制造方法之一，该方法利用了梯度材料的中心和中心的差异， ...更多信息 熔融金属和硬颗粒之间的离心力。将含铁的铝屑用于离心法，可以制备出一种Al-Al_3Fe系生态功能梯度材料。然而，在实验室环境条件下的离心法难以适用于高粘度、低热容量的合金熔体。为此，设计了真空离心铸造系统，以克服原系统的不足。成功地建立了一个新的系统，并利用Al-10 mass % Fe中间合金制备了厚壁管的Al-Al_3Fe功能梯度材料。研究了Al_3Fe金属间化合物在铝基体中的形态。Al_3Fe晶粒的形状随梯度管径向位置的不同而由粒状变为针状。还对梯度成分进行了研究，从管内的纯铝到管外平面的40vol%Al_3Fe。Al-Al_3Fe梯度功能梯度材料的弹性模量和热膨胀系数分别为71 ~ 99.5GPa和25.5 <-6>~ 21.3·10^<-6>/K。拉伸试验采用薄的标准试样，试样中Al_3Fe晶粒分布均匀，平均值约为28vol%Al_3Fe。在0.44%的拉伸应变和杨氏模量为90 GPa的拉伸强度为86 MPa。可以预期，该功能梯度材料必须是一种良好的耐磨和耐热功能梯度材料。少