Synthesis and Characterization of High-conductive and Stable Graphite Intercalation Compounds

本文合成了碱金属-不饱和有机分子-石墨的三元石墨插层化合物，并对其结构、电导率及其在空气中的稳定性进行了研究。得到的结果如下：1。采用第二阶段结构的铷-石墨插层化合物（Rb-GICs）和钾-石墨插层化合物（K-GICs）和铯-石墨插层化合物（Cs-GICs）作为主体材料，与乙烯气体反应生成三元化合物。三元K-GICs表现出与三元Cs-GICs不同的吸附行为，其层状结构也明显不同。研究表明，三元Cs-GICs在空气中具有最稳定的结构，其电导率在相当长的时间内保持在较高的水平。研究了Cs-GICs与丙烯腈、苯等不饱和有机分子的反应，并对所得三元GICs的结构和电导率进行了研究。气相丙烯腈在300 K下缓慢吸附到CsC_<24>，饱和组分为CsC_<24> (AN) _<1.4>。三元GIC在真空中稳定，但在空气中分解缓慢。为了提高三元化合物在空气中的稳定性，将样品在323 K下热处理150小时，以增强丙烯腈分子的低聚。然而，结果表明，对三元GIC的稳定性影响很小。综上所述，铯-乙烯-石墨三元体系被认为是最有前途的高导电性和稳定性材料。

In this study, ternary graphite intercalation compounds of alkali metal-unsaturated organic molecules-graphite have been synthesized, and their structure and electrical conductivity, together with their stability in the air, have been investigated. The results obtained are as follows.1. Rubidium-and potassium-graphite intercalation compounds (Rb-GICs and K-GICs) of the stage-2 structure were used as host materials, in addition to cesium-graphite intercalation compounds (Cs-GICs), and were allowed to react with ethylene gas to form the ternary compounds. The ternary K-GICs showed different sorption behavior from that of the ternary Cs-GICs, and the layr structure of the ternary K-GICs is also apparently different. It has been revealed that the ternary Cs-GICs have the most stable structure in the air and their electrical conductivity has been kept at high level for a considerably long time.2. Cs-GICs were allowed to react with several unsaturated organic molecules such as acrylonitrile, benzene etc., and the structure and electrical conductivity of resulting ternary GICs were investigated. Gas phase acrylonitrile was sorbed into CsC_<24> very slowly at 300 K,and the saturated composition was CsC_<24> (AN) _<1.4>. The ternary GIC was stable in vacuum, but decomposed slowly in the air. In order to improve the stability of the ternary in the air, the sample was heat-treated at 323 K for 150 hrs to enhance the oligomerization of acrylonitrile molecules. The results shows, however, very little effects in the stability of the ternary GIC.In conclusion, the ternary system, cesium-ethylene-graphite GICs are considered to be most promising as the high-electrical conductive and stable materials.