Cytohistological study on rice pollen formation and maturation, and damages caused by cool temperature

水稻花粉形成、成熟及低温损伤的细胞组织学研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    08660015
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.54万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    1996 至 1998
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

1. Newly established microtechnics for light and fluorescence microscopy and cryo-scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the formation and maturation of rice pollen and the early pollen germinating processes on the stigma as well as examined the cool temperature damages on these developmental processes. 2. Changes in the red autofluorescence from chioroplast in anther wall tissue during early pollen mother stages, the increasing trends in yellow autofluorescence from microspore and pollen outer wall, exine and germ pore of the pollen were found. To estimate pollen viability, FDA staining procedure for esterase activity as well as iodine-potassium iodide reaction for starch grain fillings were adopted, respectively. Dehiscence of anther wall and pollen dispersion process were observed and by cool temperature treatment before heading stages were observed to affect abnormally to these processes. 3. Pollen stigma interaction was observed under light and fluorescence microscope and cryoscanning electron microscope. Cryo technique during preparation procedures was thought to be important to preserve mature pollen on the stigma surface. 4. In addition, cryo-cutting method was found to preserve the inner structures of cut-surface of anther tissues and pollen cells. The developmental processes of anther and pollens were re-estimated using semi-thin resin embedding method and this cryo-fracture procedures. 5. By cool temperature treatment during panicle forming stages, incomplete dehiscence of anther wall, immaturity and abnormality of pollens, reduction of active pollen on the stigma surfaces, and degeneration of young embryo were observed under light microscope. 6. The combined microtechnics is very efficient for analyzing pollen development and maturation as well as pollen-stigma Interaction. These obtained results are summarized and reported as a small report.
1.利用新近建立的光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和低温扫描电镜技术,观察了水稻花粉的形成、成熟和柱头上花粉的早期萌发过程,以及低温对这些发育过程的伤害。2.在花粉母细胞早期,花药壁组织叶绿体的红色自发荧光发生变化,小孢子和花粉外壁、花粉外壁和萌发孔的黄色自发荧光有增加的趋势。观察到花药壁开裂和花粉散布过程,并观察到抽穗前低温处理对这些过程的异常影响。3.在光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和冷冻扫描电镜下观察了花粉与柱头的相互作用。花粉制备过程中的冷冻技术被认为是保存成熟花粉在柱头表面的重要手段。4.此外,发现低温切割法能较好地保存花药组织和花粉细胞切面的内部结构。利用半薄树脂包埋法和冷冻断裂法对花药和花粉的发育过程进行了重新估计。5.幼穗形成期低温处理,在光镜下观察到花药壁开裂不完全,花粉不成熟、畸形,柱头表面活性花粉减少,幼胚退化。6.显微技术的结合是分析花粉发育、成熟和花粉-柱头相互作用的有效手段。将这些获得的结果总结并报告为小报告。

项目成果

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