Molecular basis of establishment of basic compatibility in Pyricularia fungi.

稻瘟病菌在孢子萌发液中产生一种寄主选择性毒素，使非病原菌互隔交链孢菌侵染寄主植物组织。通过超微结构观察和形态计量学测量，研究了一种毒素在真菌与植物基本亲和性建立中的作用。毒素作用1h后，线粒体的超微结构首先发生改变，即线粒体基质丢失和嵴断裂。然而，修饰的线粒体的频率并没有随着毒素处理后的时间增加。其它细胞器在毒素处理后期仍正常。这些现象都观察到在关口朝日和朝日learnings无论光条件。当毒素对寄主植物（水稻和大麦）和非寄主植物（指粟）的影响进行了检查，在水稻和大麦植物中的第一个毒素诱导的变化是线粒体基质的损失和线粒体嵴的破坏。这些修改线粒体毒素暴露后1小时观察。然而，修饰的线粒体的频率并没有随着毒素处理后的时间增加。其他细胞器正常，即使在毒素治疗的后期。这种现象在寄主植物大麦和水稻的表皮、叶肉和韧皮部细胞中均有观察到。而在非寄主植物谷子叶片中未观察到毒素的作用。此外，线粒体的修改观察到在这两个表皮细胞的兼容性和不兼容的品种接种稻瘟病菌孢子后12小时。这些结果表明，毒素诱导的线粒体修饰是稻瘟病菌在种水平上与寄主植物建立基本亲和性的必要事件。

Magnaporthe grisea produces a host-selective toxin the spore germination fluid, which allow a non-pathogen, Alternaria alternata, to infect host plant tissues. The role of a toxin on establishment of basic compatibility between fungus and plant was investigated by ultrastructural observation and morphometric measurement. The first toxin-induced changes in ultrastructure were th losses of mitochondrial matrix and the disruption of mitochondrial cristae 1hr after toxin exposure. However, frequency of modified mitochondria did not increase with time after toxin treatment. Other organelles were normal even in the late stage of the toxin treatment. These phenomena were observed in both Sekiguchi-asahi and Asahi leavesregardless of light condition. When the effects of the toxin (s) on host plants (rice and barley) and non-host plant (finger millet) were examined, the first toxin-induced changes in rice and barley plants were the loss of the mitochondrial matrix and the disruption of mitochondrial cristae. These modifications in mitochonria were observed 1 hr after toxin exposure. However, the frequency of modified mitochondria did not increase with time after toxin treatment. Other organelles were normal even in a late stage of the toxin treatment. Such phenomena were observed in three sites (epidermal, mesophyll and phloem cells) of host plants, barley and rice. However, the effects of toxin (s) were not observed in leaves of non-host plant, finger millet. Further, mitochondrial modifications were observed in both epidermal cells of compatible and incompatible cultivars 12 hr after inoculation of M.grisea spores. These results indicated that mitochondrial modification induced by the toxin (s) was an essential event for M.grisea to establish basic compatibility with host plants at species level.