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Solute transport in soil under the influence of acid rain

酸雨影响下土壤中的溶质运移

基本信息

批准号：
08660286
负责人：
MATSUKAWA Susumu
金额：
$ 0.64万
依托单位：
Utsunomiya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08660286/
关键词：
Acid rain Allophanic soil pH prediction pH diffusion Mixing cell model 火山灰土壌 pH分布予測ミキシング・セル・モデル土壌 pH アルミニウム溶解硫酸吸着陽イオン交換透水係数土壌団粒崩壊

项目摘要

1.Simulation model of pH in equilibrium soil water were composed of aluminum dissolution, formation of the three aluminum species, aluminum-dominant divalent base cations exchange, bicarbobnate formation, sulfuric ion adsorption, charge balance and mass balance of sulfuric ion and base cations respectively. Aluminum-base cations exchange were lumped togerher with mineral weathering as neutralization effects in the model. pH of soil water could estimate with standard error less than (]SY.+-。[)pH0.2 by this model.2.Aggregate dispersion was enhanced for pH<4 in nitric acid solutions, whereas not significant for all pH ranges in sulfuric acid solutions. Hydraulic conductivity of packed soil was decreased instantaneously due to aggregate dispersion when the nitric acid solutions were applied.Permeability and buffering capacity of allophanic soil were influenced by the species of acid solutions as well as the concentration of hydrogen ion of percolating acid solutions.3.pH profile following sulfuric acid solution diffusion into soil were predicted by the method of mixing cell model which were combined with chemical equilibrium equations established in batch experiments. The results of simulations, with reduced proportion of active soil and sulfuric ion adsorption, for pH profile after 15 days had a sharp pH change similar to measured profile. Simulations were succeeded in error less than (]SY.+-。[)pH0.1 compared with measured value.

1.平衡土壤水pH的模拟模型分别由铝的溶解、三种铝形态的形成、以铝为主的二价盐阳离子交换、碳酸氢盐的形成、硫酸根离子吸附、硫酸根离子和盐阳离子的电荷平衡和质量平衡组成。模型中将铝基阳离子交换与矿物风化作用合并为中和作用。土壤水pH值的估算标准误差小于±（）SY.（2）在硝酸溶液中，当pH<4时，聚集体分散性增强，而在硫酸溶液中，聚集体分散性在所有pH范围内均不显著。硝酸溶液对土壤的渗透性和缓冲能力有很大影响，硝酸溶液对土壤的渗透性和缓冲能力有很大影响，硝酸溶液对土壤的渗透性和缓冲能力有很大影响，硝酸溶液对土壤的渗透性和缓冲能力有很大影响，硝酸溶液对土壤的渗透性和缓冲能力有很大影响在批实验中建立的平衡方程。模拟的结果，减少比例的活性土壤和硫酸离子吸附，pH值曲线15天后有一个尖锐的pH值变化类似于测量的配置文件。模拟成功，误差小于（]SY. ±。[）pH0.1与实测值比较。