Research of image measurement of shape information for identification of growth status of young plants

植物形体特征被认为是反映植物生长状况的有用指标。例如，叶尖角被认为是内部水势状态的重要指标。然而，人工测量所有叶片的叶尖角是非常困难的。有效的测量叶尖角的方法是必要的。本文提出了一种小叶或幼苗叶尖角图像测量的新方法，并对其有效性进行了研究。楔形特征是纹理特征的一种，它包含了图像中线尖角的信息。利用这一特性，提出了测量叶尖角平均分布和三维分布的方法。首先，用包含大量随机分布在立方区域的小三维磁盘的模拟图像验证了该方法的基本有效性。结果表明，楔形特征可以很好地表示尖端角的平均值。在此基础上，从多个方向的图像中得到了二维的尖端角分布，并适当地重构了三维的尖端角分布轮廓。其次，用真实植物图像研究了该方法的实用性。因此，该方法可以正确地检测受控图形和处理图形之间的差异。采用基于纹理特征的图像测量方法，测量了番茄植株叶尖角的三维分布和形状的三维轮廓，并验证了其有效性。提出了一种简化复杂信息的高效交易算法。通过对结果的讨论，得出以下结论。(1)番茄植株叶尖角的三维分布和形状的三维轮廓可以很好地分开测量，特别是在上部和下部地区。(2)由于低层和老年区拥挤的叶片在内层和外层叶尖角的变化趋势不同，因此三维测量对叶尖角的适宜条件是非常有效的。应用主成分分析得到可理解的指标。这种分析有助于理解形状信息的含义。少

Features of figure of plant have been expected as useful indices of status of growth. For example, leaf tip angle is known as a significant index of inner water potential status. However, it is very difficult to measure leaf tip angle of all foliages manually. Efficient method of measuring leaf tip angle is necessary. In this paper, a new method of image measurement of leaf tip angle for small foliage or seedling was proposed and its availability was studied. Wedge-shaped feature, which is one of textural features, contains information about tip angle of line in image. Using this characteristic, the method of measuring both average and three dimensional distribution of leaf tip angle was developed. First, fundamental availability of this method was confirmed with simulated images which contain a lot of small three dimensional disks randomly distributed in a cubic area. As a result, wedge-shaped features can indicate average of tip angle properly. Further, an outline of three dimensiona … More l distribution of tip angle was reconstructed properly from two dimensional distributions of tip angle derived from images taken from several directions. Second, practical availability of this method was studied with images of real plants. Consequently, this method can detect differences between controlled figures and treated ones properly.Three dimensional distribution of leaf tip angle and three dimensional outline of shape of tomato plants were measured by the method of image measurement based on textural features, and its availability was verified. An algorithm for simplifying the complicated information for efficient transaction was proposed. From discussions on the results, the following conclusions were derived. (1) three dimensional distribution of leaf tip angle and three dimensional outline of shape of tomato plants can be measured separately fairly well especially in upper and younger regions. (2) because crowded leaves in lower and older regions have different tendencies in leaf tip angle between inner layer and outer one, three dimensional measurement is very effective for measuring the proper condition of leaf tip angle. Principal component analysis was applied to obtain understandable indices. The analysis is helpful in understanding the meaning of the shape information. Less