Effects of high CO_2 atmosphere on growth and UVB resistance in rice.

高CO_2气氛对水稻生长及UVB抗性的影响

• 批准号: 08660396
• 负责人: KUMAGAI Tadashi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08660396/
• 关键词: ultraviolet B; UV-resistance; pyrimidine dimer; photorepair of DNA damage; UVB-absorbing compounds; growth test; CO_2-atmosphere; Field test; ペリミジンダイマー; DNA損傷の光回復; 圃場試験法; イネ

We previously found that elevated UVB suppresses the growth of rice. Tiller formation and biomass were most suppressed by UVB applied at the stages developing leaves from 2nd to 5th. More CPDs were produced by UVB applied at those stages. Ability to photoreapir CPDs in the 4th leaf increased from leaf emergence until full expansion. These results suggested that rice is more susceptible to CPD induction and UVB-caused growth retardation at the stage when the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th leaves are developing.We investigated the effects of CO2 (700ppm) on growth and yield of rice in an open-top chamber built in paddy field. Tiller formation, hulled grain weight, and the number of heavy-weight hulled grain increased, resulting in elevation of yield by ca.20 %. The period until ear emergence was shortened.Tiller number and biomass decreased in lower CO2 (200ppm) in a phytotron, whereas tiller number, biomass, and the contents of total N in a leaf, soluble protein, chlorophyll and Rubisco elevated more in higher CO2 (700ppm) than in ambient CO2. The degree of suppression of growth by UVB was higer in ambient CO2 than in higher CO2.Progenies having more resistance to UVB than sensitive perent were generated in F2 plants generated by crossing a cultivar resistant to UVB and a cultivars less resistant. We could not find any plants more resistant to UVB than parent in mutants of Kinmaze, but we found more sensitive plants to UVB,which would be useful for studying mechanism of UVB resistance in rice.

我们以前发现，高UVB抑制水稻的生长。在第2 ~ 5叶期施用UVB对分蘖形成和生物量的抑制作用最大。在这些阶段应用UVB产生更多的CPD。在第4片叶中，从叶片出现直到完全展开，光修复CPD的能力增加。本研究采用田间开顶式气室研究了CO_2（700 ppm）对水稻生长和产量的影响。分蘖形成，脱壳粒重，重量脱壳粒数增加，导致产量提高约。20%。低CO_2（200 ppm）条件下，分蘖数和生物量减少，而高CO_2（700 ppm）条件下，分蘖数、生物量、叶片全氮、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素和Rubisco含量均高于对照。CO_2对UVB的抑制程度高于CO_2浓度高时的抑制程度。抗UVB的品种与抗UVB的品种杂交，获得的F_2代植株对UVB的抗性高于敏感亲本。在金迷宫突变体中没有发现比亲本更抗UVB的植株，但发现了对UVB更敏感的植株，这将有助于研究水稻抗UVB的机理。

项目成果

日出間 純, 佐藤 雅志, 熊谷 忠: "Ultraviolet B Racliation and Plant and Fungal Life(ISSN1340-8941)" 東北大学遺伝生態研究センター発行・笹多出版印刷(株)印刷, 100 (1997)

Jun Hidema、Masashi Sato、Tadashi Kumagai：“紫外线B Raciation与植物和真菌生命（ISSN1340-8941）”东北大学遗传生态研究中心出版，笹田出版有限公司印刷，100（1997）

日出間純: "Differences in the Sensitivity to UVB Radiation of Two Coltivars of Rice (Ozyza sativa L.)" Plant Cell Physiology. 37・6. 742-747 (1996)

Jun Hidema：“两种水稻品种 (Ozyza sativa L.) 对 UVB 辐射的敏感性差异”植物细胞生理学 37・6 (1996)。

佐藤 雅志: "Role of UV-absorbing Compounds in Genetic Differences in the Resistance to UV-B Radiation in Rice Plants" Breeding Science. 47. 21-26 (1997)

Masashi Sato：“紫外线吸收化合物在水稻植物抗 UV-B 辐射遗传差异中的作用”《育种科学》47. 21-26 (1997)。

日出間純: "Cuitisar Differences in the Sensitioity to UVB Radiation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)" Receut Research Developments inPhotochemistry a Photobidogy. (1998)

Jun Hidema：“水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 对 UVB 辐射敏感性的 Cuitisar 差异”Receiut Research Developments in Photochemistry a Photobidogy (1998)。

日出間 純: "Diffrences in the sensitivity to UVR Rachiation of Two Cultivars of Rise(Oryza sativa L.)" Plant Cell Physiology. 37. 742-747 (1996)

Jun Hidema：“两种 Rise 品种对 UVR Rachiation 的敏感性差异”植物细胞生理学 37. 742-747 (1996)。