HOMESTASIS OF THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT

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The periodontal ligament is located between cementum and alveolar bone and the width of the periodontal ligament is kept in the various condition such as aging, vertical or horizontal orthodontic tooth movement without ankylosis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, Malassez epithelial rests cell and fibroblasts in the homeostasis of periodontal ligament. Cytokeratin, type IV Collagen, Laminin, Connexin 43, 32, Actin immunolocalization was examined by conventional Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and laser scanning microscope in the 1 to 12 weeks S.D.rat periodontal tissue, cultured pig Malassez epithelial rests cells and experimental chronic periodontitis in S.D.rat. Cytokeratin-19 and Connexin 43 were located in the Malassez epithelial rests. Laminin was located in the basement membrane surrounding the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, Malassez epithelial rests cell, and positive reaction was reduced and disappear in the pulp side of the Hertwigts epithelial root sheath during odontoblasto developing and dentinogenesis. Proliferative activity of the junctional epithelium, long junctional epitheliun-i, fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament were examined using argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNORs) staining and PCNA immunohistochemical staining. Proliferative cells were recognized at the connective tissue side in the both junctional and long junctional epithelium.