RESEARCH ON NEW SKELETAL NATURAL PRODUCTS AFFECTING THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

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1. A methanol extract of the rhizomes of Nardostachys chinensis belonging to Valerianaceae showed strong antidepressant activity in the forced swimming test using mice. The extract was fractionated, monitored by the activity. to afford five novel sesquiterpenoids bearing guaiane carbon skeleton from the active fractions. Their structures including stereochemistry were elucidated by their spectroscopic data. Pharmacological acticities such as antidepressant activity of the sesquiterpenoids are now in progress.2. For the purpose of the search of anti-parkinsonian agents from natural sources, valuable screening method was developed. As a result, pole test as well as catalepsy test is of value in the evaluation of drugs against motor disturbances in neuroleptic-treated animals.3. Novel cyathane-type diterpenoids were isolated from the mushroom, Sarcodon scabrosus and their structures were determined by spectroscopic method such as two dimensional NMR techniques and chemical transformation. They exhibited stimulating activity of the synthesis of a nerve growth factor (NGF). Moreover, biological study showed that the diterpenoids cause the secretion of other factors along with NGF from human astrocytoma cells.