Studies of the relation between the progress of experimental research of atomic physics and the technological deveropments during 1910's and 1920'

1910-1920年代原子物理实验研究进展与技术发展关系研究

• 批准号: 08680081
• 负责人: HYOUDOU Tomohiro
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Ritsumeikan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08680081/
• 关键词: history of science and technology; atomic physic; technological deveropment; experimental research; quantum theory; short wave technology; 原子物理学実験; 実験技術史; 研究開発

Our studies show the following points.(1)A.H.Compton found that x-rays were diffused by free electrons as particles in 1923. The first paper show the relation between his experimental research and the technological deveropments.(2)C.J.Davisson and L.H.Germer found that electron-rays were diffracted by a crystal of nickel as waves in 1927. In the sane year G.P.Thomson found that electron-rays were diffracted by a thin film as waves in 1927. The second paper shows the differences of both thier experimental researchs, and the relation between both their experimental researchs and the technological deveropments.(3)In 1921 Arnold Sommerfeld disputed against Johannes Stark about the quantum theory of Niels Bohr. The third paper is arranged their debating points in 1920/ 21 and the differences of their spistemonological problems (for example thinking of thery)(4)In the fourth paper. We show the following points using the new materials related to the Electric Department of Japanese Naval Technical Research Institute. (a)the study about short wave began to June 1923 for the development of shortdistant communication, (b)Tutomu Minohara who was the head of NTRI ordered several members of ED to study about the radio wave propagation. (c) they reported about the bight and condition of ionosphere over the Pacific.

我们的研究表明了以下几点。（1）A.H.康普顿在1923年发现X射线被作为粒子的自由电子扩散。第一篇论文说明了他的实验研究与技术发展之间的关系。（2）C. J.戴维森和L.H.格默在1927年发现电子射线被镍晶体衍射成波。在1927年，汤姆逊发现电子射线被薄膜衍射成波。第二部分介绍了两种实验研究的差异，以及两种实验研究与技术发展的关系。(3)In 1921年，阿诺德·索末菲（Arnold Sommerfeld）与约翰尼斯·斯塔克（Johannes Stark）就尼尔斯·玻尔（Niels Bohr）的量子理论发生争执。第三篇文章整理了1920/ 21年两人的争论点，以及他们在精神学问题上的分歧（如他们的思想）。我们使用日本海军技术研究所电气部门相关的新材料来说明以下几点。（a）短波的研究开始于1923年6月，以发展短距离通信。（B）NTRI的负责人Tutomu Minohara命令艾德的几名成员研究无线电波的传播。(c)他们报告了太平洋上空电离层的情况。

项目成果

兵藤友博: "X線散乱の実験的研究の発展とその手法・技術(発表予定)" 物理学史. No.11. (1998)

Tomohiro Hyodo：“X射线散射及其方法和技术的实验研究进展（待出版）”《物理学史》第11期（1998）。

Tomohiro HYOUDOU: "On the relation between the experimental research on scattering electron-rays and the technological deveropments" BUTSURIGAKUSHI/JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY OF PHYSICS. (1999)

Tomohiro HYOUDOU：“关于散射电子射线的实验研究与技术发展之间的关系”BUTSURIGAKUSHI/Journal for the History of Physics。