RESEARCHE OF SPORT GROUP COHESIVENESS

本研究考察了体育参与动机和群体凝聚力在不同体育动机之间的差异，体育参与动机是构成体育群体的因素之一。第一项研究调查了一支高中冰球队(n=31-41，年龄15-18岁)。对运动动机问卷进行了为期三年的使用，并显示了动机的变化。研究二以12支女子橡皮球棒球队为研究对象，调查了该队的目标动机和团队凝聚力。这些球队分为两种类型的目标设置，一种是高竞技表现，另一种是参与比赛的愿望。参与动机是他们从事自己运动的主要动机之一，也是内在动机之一，但在表现水平上也有所不同。为了显示运动或日常生活中最重要的问题，他们选择了队友之间的良好关系，而不是良好的表现，比起学术学习，他们更喜欢运动。研究结果表明：1.不同绩效水平的研究结果不同。运动团体的未来研究展望运动成绩是影响运动团体发展的最重要因素。如果我们表现出群体氛围或结构的变化，我们就很容易理解这个运动群体。而心理支持研究将对形成典型日本体育团体情境的教练员与运动员之间的关系有效。

This study investigated the sport participate motivation which is one of factors to build up a sport group and the group cohesiveness how it is different among various sport motivations.1. Main resultsFirst study surveyed one high school ice hockey team (n=31-41, aged l5-l8). The sport motivation inventory was used for three years and the change of motivation was showed. The team had a high goal-motivation and a high cohesiveness.Second study planed twelve female rubber-ball baseball teams to find some team situations. These teams divided two type goal-settings, one is the high competitive performance and the other is the desire of participation in games. Their participate motivation was primary to do their own sport, that is one of intrinsic motivations, but it was different in performance level too. Showing what is most important concerns in sport or everyday life, they selected good relationships among teammates rather than good performance, and like sport better than academic learning. The results were different in performance levels.2. The prospects for future research of sport groupSport performance is the most important factor for sport groups. We can easily understand the sport group if we show the change of group atmospheres or structures. And a psychological support study will be effective in coach-athletes relationships which formed typical Japanese sport group situations.