Changes of the distribution of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. in Japan Archipelago since the Last Glacial

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This research aims firstly to clarify the distribution of Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc.in Japan. Pinus koraiensis restricted mostly to central Honshu. Vertically, P.koraiensis concentrates in the subalpine zone. It only scarcely appears in the montane zone. P.koraiensis seldom makes its own dominant forest in Japan. Pinus koraiensis increased its relative abundance on the rocky slope. In the montane zone of the continental part of northeastern Asia, P.koraiensis is distributed widely. There it makes its own dominant forest mixed with deciduous-broadleaved trees.Next this research considers the canges in the distribution of Pinus koraiensis in japan since the Last Glacial. In the Last Glacial Pinus koraiensis was distributed widely mixed with the trees of Picea and Abies as well as with deciduous-broadleaved trees. This forest type seems to be quite similar to that of the Pinus koraiensis dominant forest in the continental part of northeastern Asia. From the view point of the vegetation history since the Last Glacial the Larix-Quercus-Pinus mixed secondary forest on the southwest slope of Mt. Nishi, central Japan was significant. This type of forest was a relict from the forests occurring widely in central Japan at the Last Glacial when the climate was cold and dry. The forest was forced to be left during the Post Glacial with climatic warming moistening on the southwest slope of Mt. Nishi as a refuge, where even at present cold and dry climate prevails in central Japan.